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GSS 1972-2024 Cumulative Datafile - Release 3


Class Tax Levels

taxrichtaxes on high income people too high
Text of this Question or Item
Generally, how would you describe taxes in America today... 
We mean all taxes together, including social security, income tax, 
sales tax, and all the rest. 
A. First, for those with high incomes, are taxes . . .
Percent N Value Label
8.6 696 1 much too high
16.1 1,307 2 too high
23.4 1,898 3 about right
34.5 2,798 4 too low
17.4 1,410 5 much too low


508 .d can't choose


59,998 .i iap


219 .n no answer


12 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
taxmidtaxes on middle income people too high
Text of this Question or Item
Generally, how would you describe taxes in America today... 
We mean all taxes together, including social security, income tax, 
sales tax, and all the rest. 
B. Next, for those with middle incomes, are taxes . . .
Percent N Value Label
14.7 815 1 much too high
47.0 2,607 2 too high
34.9 1,933 3 about right
3.0 168 4 too low
0.4 23 5 much too low


188 .d can't choose


63,042 .i iap


70 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
taxpoortaxes on low income people too high
Text of this Question or Item
Generally, how would you describe taxes in America today... 
We mean all taxes together, including social security, income tax, 
sales tax, and all the rest. 
C. Lastly, for those with low incomes, are taxes . . .
Percent N Value Label
26.7 1,460 1 much too high
38.3 2,098 2 too high
29.5 1,616 3 about right
4.2 230 4 too low
1.4 74 5 much too low


247 .d can't choose


63,042 .i iap


79 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
taxshareshould rich pay bigger share of taxes?
Text of this Question or Item
Do you think that people with high incomes should pay a larger share 
of their income in taxes than those with low incomes, the same share, 
or a smaller share . . .
Percent N Value Label
24.4 1,315 1 much larger share
43.2 2,331 2 larger
30.1 1,624 3 the same share
1.6 87 4 smaller
0.6 35 5 much smaller share


256 .d can't choose


62,966 .i iap


222 .n no answer


10 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

Class Conflict

conwlthconflict between poor and rich in usa?
Text of this Question or Item
In all countries, there are differences or conflicts between 
different social groups. In your opinion, in America, how much 
conflict is there between . . . 
A. Poor people and rich people?
Percent N Value Label
16.2 682 1 very strong conflicts
47.0 1,978 2 strong conflicts
33.7 1,419 3 not very strong conflicts
3.1 132 4 there are no conflicts


297 .d can't choose


64,007 .i iap


311 .n no answer


20 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
conclassworking and middle classes in conflict?
Text of this Question or Item
In all countries, there are differences or conflicts between 
different social groups. In your opinion, in America, how much 
conflict is there between . . . 
B. The working class and the middle class?
Percent N Value Label
4.6 196 1 very strong conflicts
22.7 964 2 strong conflicts
62.3 2,639 3 not very strong conflicts
10.4 440 4 there are no conflicts


253 .d can't choose


64,007 .i iap


323 .n no answer


24 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
conjobsemployed and unemployed in conflict
Text of this Question or Item
In all countries, there are differences or conflicts between 
different social groups. In your opinion, in America, how much 
conflict is there between . . . 
C. The unemployed and people with jobs?
Percent N Value Label
11.4 164 1 very strong conflict
40.2 579 2 strong conflict
40.8 588 3 not strong conflict
7.7 111 4 no conflict


65 .d can't choose


67,282 .i iap


57 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
conunionworkers and management in conflict?
Text of this Question or Item
In all countries, there are differences or conflicts between 
different social groups. In your opinion, in America, how much 
conflict is there between . . . 
D. Management and workers?
Percent N Value Label
10.6 449 1 very strong conflicts
43.6 1,839 2 strong conflicts
42.7 1,804 3 not very strong conflicts
3.1 130 4 there are no conflicts


275 .d can't choose


64,007 .i iap


327 .n no answer


15 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
conurbanfarmer's and city people in conflict?
Text of this Question or Item
In all countries, there are differences or conflicts between 
different social groups. In your opinion, in America, how much 
conflict is there between . . . 
E. Farmers and city people?
Percent N Value Label
9.5 135 1 very strong conflict
30.6 436 2 strong conflict
46.9 669 3 not strong conflict
13.0 185 4 no conflict


93 .d can't choose


67,282 .i iap


46 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

Occupational Mobility

consocconflict between social top and bottom
Text of this Question or Item
In all countries, there are differences or conflicts between 
different social groups. In your opinion, in America, how much 
conflict is there between . . . 
F. People at the top of society and people at the bottom?
Percent N Value Label
29.7 324 1 very strong conflicts
42.3 461 2 strong conflicts
25.1 274 3 not very strong conflicts
2.9 32 4 there are no conflicts


67 .d can't choose


67,574 .i iap


114 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
conageconflict between young and old
Text of this Question or Item
In all countries, there are differences or conflicts between 
different social groups. In your opinion, in America, how much 
conflict is there between . . . 
G. Young people and older people?
Percent N Value Label
9.1 256 1 very strong conflicts
31.7 896 2 strong conflicts
52.3 1,476 3 not very strong conflicts
6.9 195 4 there are no conflicts


162 .d can't choose


65,571 .i iap


273 .n no answer


17 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
occmobilstatus of job higher than father's?
Text of this Question or Item
Please think of your present job (or your last one if you don't have 
one now). If you compare this job with the job your father had when 
you were 16, would you say that the level or status of your job is 
(or was) . . .
Percent N Value Label
20.0 526 1 much higher than dad
26.8 706 2 higher
23.4 617 3 about equal
14.8 391 4 lower
7.9 209 5 much lower than dad
2.1 55 6 r never had job
5.0 132 7 no dad-never had job


66,010 .i iap


200 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
pajobtype of job held by father when r 16
Text of this Question or Item
Here is a list of different types of jobs. Which type did your father 
have when you were 16. (If your father did not have a job then, 
please give the job he used to have.)
Percent N Value Label
11.2 154 1 prof or tech
3.9 53 2 higher admin
3.6 50 3 clerical
8.6 119 4 sales
5.6 77 5 service
20.5 282 6 skilled worker
14.8 204 7 semi-skilled worker
12.7 175 8 unskilled worker
19.0 262 9 farm
0.0 0 10 no dad-never had job


67,470 .i iap


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
paslfwas father self-employed?
Text of this Question or Item
Here is a list of different types of jobs. Which type did your father 
have when you were 16. (If your father did not have a job then, 
please give the job he used to have.) 
A. Was your father self-employed, or did he work for someone else?
Percent N Value Label
27.0 372 1 self-employed
66.9 920 2 someone else
6.1 84 3 no dad-never had job


67,282 .i iap


188 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
firstjobtype of first job held by r
Text of this Question or Item
And how about your first job -- the first job you had after you 
finished full-time education?
Percent N Value Label
15.7 229 1 prof or tech
0.6 9 2 higher admin
21.2 309 3 clerical
6.4 94 4 sales
9.2 134 5 service
8.0 116 6 skilled worker
8.2 120 7 semi-skilled worker
21.9 319 8 unskilled worker
5.0 73 9 farm
3.8 55 10 never had job


67,282 .i iap


106 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
firstslffirst job self-employment?
Text of this Question or Item
And how about your first job -- the first job you had after you 
finished full-time education? 
A. Were you self-employed, or did you work for someone else?
Percent N Value Label
4.2 57 1 self-employed
91.8 1,252 2 someone else
4.0 55 3 never had job


67,282 .i iap


200 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
lastjobtype of current job held by r
Text of this Question or Item
And how about your job now? (If you are not working now, please tell 
us about your last job.)
Percent N Value Label
19.3 281 1 prof or tech
2.7 39 2 higher admin
17.5 255 3 clerical
9.3 136 4 sales
10.4 152 5 service
15.2 222 6 skilled worker
8.2 120 7 semi-skilled worker
11.9 173 8 unskilled worker
2.3 34 9 farm
3.2 46 10 never had job


67,282 .i iap


106 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
lastslfcurrent job self-employment?
Text of this Question or Item
And how about your job now? (If you are not working now, please tell 
us about your last job.) 
A. Are (or were) you self-employed, or do you work for someone else?
Percent N Value Label
10.5 143 1 self-employed
86.2 1,176 2 someone else
3.4 46 3 never had job


67,282 .i iap


199 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
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