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GSS 1972-2024 Cumulative Datafile - Release 3


1988 ISSP MODULE: WOMEN AND WORK

Working Women and the Family

rewrdeffeffort rewarded in america
Text of this Question or Item
Do you agree or disagree: 
A. In America people get rewarded for their effort.
Percent N Value Label
11.4 136 1 strongly agree
53.3 636 2 agree
23.3 278 3 neither agree nor disagree
9.8 117 4 disagree
2.2 26 5 strongly disagree


24 .d can't choose


67,574 .i iap


55 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
rewrdintintelligence and skill rewarded in america
Text of this Question or Item
Do you agree or disagree: 
B. In America people get rewarded for their intelligence and skills.
Percent N Value Label
15.6 187 1 strongly agree
58.1 696 2 agree
17.4 208 3 neither agree nor disagree
7.5 90 4 disagree
1.4 17 5 strongly disagree


21 .d can't choose


67,574 .i iap


53 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
corruptmust be corrupt to get to top in america
Text of this Question or Item
Do you agree or disagree: 
C. To get all the way to the top in America today, you have to be 
corrupt.
Percent N Value Label
4.5 54 1 strongly agree
12.6 150 2 agree
23.3 278 3 neither agree nor disagree
36.9 440 4 disagree
22.7 271 5 strongly disagree


26 .d can't choose


67,574 .i iap


53 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
earndesr deserves earnings
Text of this Question or Item
Would you say that you earn:
Percent N Value Label
16.8 188 1 much less than i deserve
42.0 471 2 less than i deserve
36.3 407 3 what i deserve
3.0 34 4 more than i deserve
0.4 4 5 much more than i deserve
1.5 17 6 never worked


68 .d can't choose


67,574 .i iap


83 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
ldcgapdifferences between rich and poor too large
Text of this Question or Item
Turning to international differences, do you agree or disagree: 
A. Present economic differences between rich and poor countries are 
too large.
Percent N Value Label
21.2 602 1 strongly agree
39.7 1,130 2 agree
31.7 901 3 neither agree nor disagree
5.3 150 4 disagree
2.2 62 5 strongly disagree


216 .d can't choose


65,571 .i iap


199 .n no answer


15 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
ldctaxrich countries pay tax to help poor countries
Text of this Question or Item
Turning to international differences, do you agree or disagree: 
B. People in wealthy countries should make an additional tax 
contribution to help people in poor countries.
Percent N Value Label
10.0 289 1 strongly agree
21.5 622 2 agree
29.6 855 3 neither agree nor disagree
25.4 733 4 disagree
13.5 391 5 strongly disagree


164 .d can't choose


65,571 .i iap


203 .n no answer


18 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
richhlthrich buy better health care than poor
Text of this Question or Item
Is it just or unjust - right or wrong - that people with higher 
incomes can: 
A. Buy better health care than people with lower incomes
Percent N Value Label
9.7 286 1 very just, definitely right
12.2 361 2 somewhat just, right
24.2 716 3 neither just nor unjust, mixed feelings
22.6 670 4 somewhat unjust, wrong
31.3 926 5 very unjust, definitely wrong


108 .d can't choose


65,571 .i iap


193 .n no answer


15 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
richeducrich buy better education than poor
Text of this Question or Item
Is it just or unjust - right or wrong - that people with higher 
incomes can: 
B. Buy better education for their children than people with lower 
incomes?
Percent N Value Label
10.0 297 1 very just, definitely right
14.9 441 2 somewhat just, right
22.4 664 3 neither just nor unjust, mixed feelings
21.6 641 4 somewhat unjust, wrong
31.1 922 5 very unjust, definitely wrong


96 .d can't choose


65,571 .i iap


196 .n no answer


18 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
payresphow much pay dependent on responsibility
Text of this Question or Item
In deciding how much people ought to earn, how important should each 
of these things be, in your opinion: 
A How much responsibility goes with the job”how important do you 
think that ought to be in deciding pay?
Percent N Value Label
26.5 784 1 essential
53.5 1,581 2 very important
18.6 549 3 fairly important
0.9 26 4 not very important
0.5 15 5 not important at all


95 .d can't choose


65,571 .i iap


214 .n no answer


11 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
payedtrnhow much pay dependent on educ and training
Text of this Question or Item
In deciding how much people ought to earn, how important should each 
of these things be, in your opinion: 
B. The number of year spent in education and training?
Percent N Value Label
17.0 505 1 essential
44.6 1,325 2 very important
31.7 941 3 fairly important
5.6 166 4 not very important
1.1 33 5 not important at all


76 .d can't choose


65,571 .i iap


216 .n no answer


13 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
paysuphow much pay dependent on supervising others
Text of this Question or Item
In deciding how much people ought to earn, how important should each 
of these things be, in your opinion: 
C. Whether the job requires supervising others (how important should 
that be in deciding pay)?
Percent N Value Label
15.5 183 1 essential
48.3 572 2 very important
30.2 357 3 fairly important
5.2 62 4 not very important
0.8 10 5 not important at all


39 .d can't choose


67,574 .i iap


49 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
payfam1how much pay dependent on family to support
Text of this Question or Item
In deciding how much people ought to earn, how important should each 
of these things be, in your opinion: 
D. What is needed to support a family?
Percent N Value Label
22.3 263 1 essential
38.7 456 2 very important
25.1 296 3 fairly important
9.2 109 4 not very important
4.7 55 5 not important at all


42 .d can't choose


67,574 .i iap


51 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
paychildhow much pay dependent on children
Text of this Question or Item
In deciding how much people ought to earn, how important should each 
of these things be, in your opinion: 
E. Whether the person has children to support (how important should 
that be in deciding pay)?
Percent N Value Label
8.8 254 1 essential
20.5 594 2 very important
23.5 679 3 fairly important
27.4 793 4 not very important
19.8 573 5 not important at all


142 .d can't choose


65,571 .i iap


219 .n no answer


21 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
paydowelhow much pay dependent on work well done
Text of this Question or Item
In deciding how much people ought to earn, how important should each 
of these things be, in your opinion: 
F. How well he or she does the job (how important should that be)?
Percent N Value Label
42.1 1,247 1 essential
47.8 1,414 2 very important
8.6 254 3 fairly important
1.1 34 4 not very important
0.4 12 5 not important at all


76 .d can't choose


65,571 .i iap


216 .n no answer


22 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
payhardhow much pay dependent on working hard
Text of this Question or Item
In deciding how much people ought to earn, how important should each 
of these things be, in your opinion: 
G. How hard he or she works at the job?
Percent N Value Label
36.8 441 1 essential
51.8 620 2 very important
9.8 117 3 fairly important
1.3 15 4 not very important
0.4 5 5 not important at all


20 .d can't choose


67,574 .i iap


54 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
justpayis r's pay just
Text of this Question or Item
Given your skills and effort, is your pay:
Percent N Value Label
20.8 237 1 much less than is just
37.8 432 2 a little less than is just
33.8 386 3 about just for me
5.1 58 4 a little more than is just
1.2 14 5 much more than is just
1.3 15 6 never had a job


60 .d can't choose


67,574 .i iap


70 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
soctype1what type of society is america
Text of this Question or Item
These five diagrams show different types of society. Please read the 
descriptions and look at the diagrams and decide which you think best 
describes America today. . .
Percent N Value Label
22.0 629 1 type a
36.5 1,044 2 type b
16.8 481 3 type c
22.0 629 4 type d
2.8 80 5 type e


137 .d can't choose


65,571 .i iap


261 .n no answer


14 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
soctype2what type of society does r prefer
Text of this Question or Item
What do you think America ought to be like - which would you prefer?
Percent N Value Label
1.9 53 1 type a
6.7 188 2 type b
13.3 371 3 type c
53.0 1,479 4 type d
25.0 697 5 type e


195 .d can't choose


65,571 .i iap


264 .n no answer


28 .s skipped on web


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
famrnkrank in society of r
Text of this Question or Item
Now we would like to know where you and other people fit in. Please 
look at the diagram you think best describes America today, the one 
you chose first: 
A. Where would you say you and your family actually are - at the top, 
somewhere in the middle, or toward the bottom?
Percent N Value Label
2.3 26 1 top
2.9 33 2
17.4 197 3
42.9 487 4
21.9 248 5
8.2 93 6
4.5 51 7 bottom


54 .d can't choose


67,574 .i iap


83 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
unsklrnkrank in society of unskilled workers
Text of this Question or Item
Now we would like to know where you and other people fit in. Please 
look at the diagram you think best describes America today, the one 
you chose first: 
B. Where would you say an unskilled worker in a factory fits in?
Percent N Value Label
1.1 12 1 top
0.5 6 2
2.2 25 3
8.9 101 4
21.0 237 5
40.4 457 6
25.9 293 7 bottom


61 .d can't choose


67,574 .i iap


80 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
execrnkrank in society of chairmen
Text of this Question or Item
Now we would like to know where you and other people fit in. Please 
look at the diagram you think best describes America today, the one 
you chose first: 
C. The chairman of a large national corporation?
Percent N Value Label
50.6 565 1 top
30.9 345 2
12.4 138 3
4.1 46 4
1.5 17 5
0.4 4 6
0.2 2 7 bottom


57 .d can't choose


67,574 .i iap


98 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
pasupr's father supervisor
Text of this Question or Item
In the job your father had when you were growing up, did your father 
supervise anyone who was directly responsible to him?
Percent N Value Label
37.3 447 1 no, did not supervise
26.8 321 2 yes, supervised 1 to 9 people
15.8 189 3 yes, supervised 10 or more
14.3 172 4 dk if he supervised anyone
5.8 70 5 i dk what my father did-father dead


2 .d don't know


67,574 .i iap


71 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
books16books in home of r age 16
Text of this Question or Item
About how many books were there around your familys house when you 
were 16 years old?
Percent N Value Label
3.1 37 1 none
6.8 81 2 1 or 2
17.1 205 3 around 10
18.8 226 4 around 20
19.1 229 5 around 50
15.5 186 6 around 100
11.6 139 7 around 200
5.3 63 8 around 500
2.8 33 9 1,000 or more


1 .d don't know


67,574 .i iap


72 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
mawrkwrmworking mom can have a warm rel w kids
Text of this Question or Item
Do you agree or disagree ... 
A. A working mother can establish just as warm and secure a 
relationship with her children as a mother who does not work.
Percent N Value Label
33.7 1,771 1 strongly agree
38.3 2,011 2 agree
7.0 368 3 neither agree nor disagree
13.3 697 4 disagree
7.7 403 5 strongly disagree


45 .d can't choose


63,512 .i iap


39 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
kidsuffrpreschooler will suffer if mom works
Text of this Question or Item
Do you agree or disagree ... 
B. A pre-school child is likely to suffer if his or her mother works.
Percent N Value Label
9.1 477 1 strongly agree
29.0 1,514 2 agree
14.2 744 3 neither agree nor disagree
26.2 1,370 4 disagree
21.4 1,120 5 strongly disagree


63 .d can't choose


63,512 .i iap


46 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
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