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GSS 1972-2024 Cumulative Datafile - Release 3
Need for Inequality
goodlifestandard of living of r will improve
Text of this Question or Item
The way things are in America, people like me and my family have a good chance of improving our standard of living -- do you agree or disagree?
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15.4 | 4,443 | 1 | strongly agree | |
| 44.7 | 12,882 | 2 | agree | |
| 17.3 | 4,974 | 3 | neither agree nor disagree | |
| 18.2 | 5,243 | 4 | disagree | |
| 4.4 | 1,280 | 5 | strongly disagree | |
| 201 | .d | can't choose | ||
| 46,605 | .i | iap | ||
| 54 | .n | no answer | ||
| 17 | .s | skipped on web | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
incentivpay differences needed for motivation
Text of this Question or Item
Some people earn a lot of money while others do not earn very much at all. In order to get people to work hard, do you think large differences in pay are . . .
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20.7 | 302 | 1 | absolutely neccessary | |
| 52.0 | 759 | 2 | probably neccessary | |
| 20.6 | 301 | 3 | probably not necc | |
| 6.6 | 97 | 4 | definitely not necc | |
| 80 | .d | can't choose | ||
| 67,282 | .i | iap | ||
| 25 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
inequal1extra pay -> people take responsibility
Text of this Question or Item
Do you agree or disagree . . . A. People would not want to take extra responsibility at work unless they were paid extra for it.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28.0 | 823 | 1 | strongly agree | |
| 46.9 | 1,380 | 2 | agree | |
| 8.3 | 244 | 3 | neither agree nor disagree | |
| 13.9 | 408 | 4 | disagree | |
| 2.9 | 86 | 5 | strongly disagree | |
| 31 | .d | can't choose | ||
| 65,838 | .i | iap | ||
| 36 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
inequal2extra pay -> workers acquire skills
Text of this Question or Item
Do you agree or disagree . . . B. Workers would not bother to get skills and qualifications unless they were paid extra for having them.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14.6 | 220 | 1 | strongly agree | |
| 43.7 | 658 | 2 | agree | |
| 14.7 | 221 | 3 | neither agree nor disagree | |
| 23.4 | 352 | 4 | disagree | |
| 3.7 | 55 | 5 | strongly disagree | |
| 29 | .d | can't choose | ||
| 67,282 | .i | iap | ||
| 29 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
inequal3inequality exists for benefit of rich
Text of this Question or Item
Do you agree or disagree . . . C. Inequality continues to exist because it benefits the rich and powerful.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19.1 | 938 | 1 | strongly agree | |
| 36.1 | 1,770 | 2 | agree | |
| 21.9 | 1,076 | 3 | neither agree nor disagree | |
| 17.1 | 839 | 4 | disagree | |
| 5.8 | 286 | 5 | strongly disagree | |
| 284 | .d | can't choose | ||
| 63,525 | .i | iap | ||
| 128 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
inequal4extra pay -> people earn degrees
Text of this Question or Item
Do you agree or disagree . . . D. No one would study for years to become a lawyer or doctor unless they expected to earn a lot more than ordinary workers.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25.2 | 683 | 1 | strongly agree | |
| 41.2 | 1,115 | 2 | agree | |
| 12.4 | 336 | 3 | neither agree nor disagree | |
| 18.3 | 495 | 4 | disagree | |
| 2.8 | 77 | 5 | strongly disagree | |
| 24 | .d | can't choose | ||
| 66,010 | .i | iap | ||
| 106 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
inequal5pay differences -> american prosperity
Text of this Question or Item
Do you agree or disagree . . . E. Large differences in income are necessary for America''s prosperity.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.0 | 336 | 1 | strongly agree | |
| 19.7 | 1,318 | 2 | agree | |
| 23.5 | 1,571 | 3 | neither agree nor disagree | |
| 35.9 | 2,400 | 4 | disagree | |
| 15.8 | 1,054 | 5 | strongly disagree | |
| 272 | .d | can't choose | ||
| 61,745 | .i | iap | ||
| 132 | .n | no answer | ||
| 18 | .s | skipped on web | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
inequal6everyone benefits from business profits
Text of this Question or Item
Do you agree or disagree . . . F. Allowing business to make good profits is the best way to improve everyone''s standard of living.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13.3 | 603 | 1 | strongly agree | |
| 37.1 | 1,689 | 2 | agree | |
| 23.4 | 1,065 | 3 | neither agree nor disagree | |
| 19.9 | 905 | 4 | disagree | |
| 6.3 | 288 | 5 | strongly disagree | |
| 180 | .d | can't choose | ||
| 64,051 | .i | iap | ||
| 40 | .n | no answer | ||
| 25 | .s | skipped on web | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
inequal7inequality due to lack of solidarity
Text of this Question or Item
Do you agree or disagree . . . G. Inequality continues to exist because ordinary people don''t join together to get rid of it.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11.0 | 284 | 1 | strongly agree | |
| 36.4 | 944 | 2 | agree | |
| 26.8 | 694 | 3 | neither agree nor disagree | |
| 20.9 | 541 | 4 | disagree | |
| 5.0 | 129 | 5 | strongly disagree | |
| 130 | .d | can't choose | ||
| 66,010 | .i | iap | ||
| 114 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
Guessing Job Pay
paymasonhow much r thinks bricklayer makes
Text of this Question or Item
We would like to know what you think people in these jobs actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be difficult, but it is very important. So please try. nPlease write in how much they actually earn each year. A. First, about how much do you think a bricklayer earns?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 1,000-1,000,000)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
paydochow much r thinks doctor makes
Text of this Question or Item
We would like to know what you think people in these jobs actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be difficult, but it is very important. So please try. Please write in how much they actually earn each year. B. A doctor in general practice?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 0-50,000,000)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
payclerkhow much r thinks bank clerk makes
Text of this Question or Item
We would like to know what you think people in these jobs actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be difficult, but it is very important. So please try. nPlease write in how much they actually earn each year. C. A bank clerk?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 0-50,000,000)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
payownerhow much r thinks shop owner makes
Text of this Question or Item
We would like to know what you think people in these jobs actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be difficult, but it is very important. So please try. nPlease write in how much they actually earn each year. D. The owner of a small shop?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 1,000-250,000)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
payexechow much r thinks corporate head makes
Text of this Question or Item
We would like to know what you think people in these jobs actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be difficult, but it is very important. So please try. nPlease write in how much they actually earn each year. E. The chairman of a large national corporation?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 0-99,000,000)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
payskillhow much r thinks skilled worker makes
Text of this Question or Item
We would like to know what you think people in these jobs actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be difficult, but it is very important. So please try. nPlease write in how much they actually earn each year. F. A skilled worker in a factory?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 1,000-1,000,000)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
payfarmhow much r thinks farm worker makes
Text of this Question or Item
We would like to know what you think people in these jobs actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be difficult, but it is very important. So please try. nPlease write in how much they actually earn each year. G. A farm laborer?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 0-900,000)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
paysechow much r thinks secretary makes
Text of this Question or Item
We would like to know what you think people in these jobs actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be difficult, but it is very important. So please try. nPlease write in how much they actually earn each year. H. A secretary?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 1,000-1,000,000)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
paybushow much r thinks bus driver makes
Text of this Question or Item
We would like to know what you think people in these jobs actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be difficult, but it is very important. So please try. nPlease write in how much they actually earn each year. I. A city bus driver?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 1,800-1,000,000)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
payunsklhow much r thinks unskilled wrkr makes
Text of this Question or Item
We would like to know what you think people in these jobs actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be difficult, but it is very important. So please try. nPlease write in how much they actually earn each year. J. An unskilled worker in a factory?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 0-3,500,000)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
paycabnthow much r thinks cabinet member makes
Text of this Question or Item
We would like to know what you think people in these jobs actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be difficult, but it is very important. So please try. nPlease write in how much they actually earn each year. K. A member of the cabinet in the federal government?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 0-50,000,000)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |