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GSS 1972-2024 Cumulative Datafile - Release 3
spfalookhours spouse spends looking after family members
Text of this Question or Item
And on average, how many hours a week does he/she spend looking after family members (e.g. children, elderly, ill or disabled family members)?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 0-97)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
rfamlookhow many hours a week r spends looking after family
Text of this Question or Item
A. On average, how many hours a week do you spend looking after family members (e.g. children, elderly, ill or disabled family members)?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 0-97)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
splivehow long been living with spouse
Text of this Question or Item
How long have you and your spouse/steady partner been living together?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 0-68)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
spbornwhen was your spouse born
Text of this Question or Item
When was your spouse/steady partner born?
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 1,918-9,999)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
VARIABLES ADDED IN 2016
Core
agedchldshould grown children live with parents
Text of this Question or Item
As you know, many grown children move back home to live with their parents. Do you think this is generally a good idea or a bad idea?
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 43.0 | 192 | 1 | a good idea | |
| 34.2 | 153 | 2 | a bad idea | |
| 22.8 | 102 | 3 | depends | |
| 4 | .d | don't know | ||
| 68,393 | .i | iap | ||
| 2 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
agedparshould aged live with their children
Text of this Question or Item
As you know, many older people move into the homes of their grown children. Do you think this is generally a good idea or a bad idea?
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 59.5 | 270 | 1 | a good idea | |
| 24.9 | 113 | 2 | a bad idea | |
| 15.6 | 71 | 3 | depends | |
| 2 | .d | don't know | ||
| 68,390 | .i | iap | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
union1does r or spouse or partner belong to union
Text of this Question or Item
Do you (or your spouse or partner) belong to a labor union? (Who?)
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.1 | 860 | 1 | yes, respondent belongs | |
| 3.2 | 342 | 2 | yes, spouse or partner belongs | |
| 1.2 | 133 | 3 | yes, both belong | |
| 87.5 | 9,345 | 4 | no, neither belong | |
| 26 | .d | don't know | ||
| 64,958 | .i | iap | ||
| 11 | .n | no answer | ||
| 24 | .s | skipped on web | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
hunt1does r or spouse or partner hunt
Text of this Question or Item
Do you (or does your [husband/wife/partner]) go hunting?
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9.5 | 1,141 | 1 | yes, respondent does | |
| 3.7 | 446 | 2 | yes, spouse or partner does | |
| 2.3 | 274 | 3 | yes, both do | |
| 84.6 | 10,188 | 4 | no, neither r nor spouse or partner does | |
| 8 | .d | don't know | ||
| 63,621 | .i | iap | ||
| 9 | .n | no answer | ||
| 12 | .s | skipped on web | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
Flexible Work
paidhowhow are you paid
Text of this Question or Item
In this section, we ask about your work hours and how you are paid. When referring to jobs, we are referring to jobs for which you work for pay, not volunteer work, unpaid housework, or other unpaid activities. When we refer to work hours, we ask you to include all hours performed for a paid job, including any extra hours, overtime, work you did at home for your paid job, and hours that may not have been directly billable or compensated. Are you salaried, paid by the hour, or paid some other way? If you have more than one job, think of the job in which you spend the most hours working each week.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 32.6 | 191 | 1 | salary | |
| 56.7 | 332 | 2 | by the hour | |
| 0.9 | 5 | 3 | earnings from business | |
| 0.3 | 2 | 4 | piecework | |
| 1.9 | 11 | 5 | by the job/project | |
| 1.5 | 9 | 6 | wage + commission | |
| 0.3 | 2 | 7 | by hour + tips | |
| 0.9 | 5 | 8 | mileage | |
| 1.5 | 9 | 9 | salary & hours combination | |
| 0.5 | 3 | 10 | by day/week | |
| 0.5 | 3 | 11 | by route | |
| 0.3 | 2 | 12 | by client | |
| 0.9 | 5 | 13 | by contract | |
| 1.2 | 7 | 20 | other | |
| 68,252 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
usualhrshow many hrs/week do you usually work
Text of this Question or Item
How many hours a week do you usually work, at all paid jobs? HOURS:
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 0-99)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
mosthrsmost hrs/week worked in past month
Text of this Question or Item
In the last month, what is the greatest number of hours you worked in a week, at all paid jobs? Please consider all hours, including any extra hours, overtime, work you did at home for your job, and time you spent on work that may not have been directly billable or compensated. HOURS:
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 2-145)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
leasthrsfewest hrs/week worked in past month
Text of this Question or Item
In the last month, what is the fewest number of hours you worked in a week, at all paid jobs? Please do not include weeks in which you missed some or all hours because of illness, vacation, or other personal obligations. HOURS:
Total Cases:
75,699 (Range of valid codes: 0-135)
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
sethrshow are your working hours decided
Text of this Question or Item
Which of the following statements best describes how your working hours are decided? In this question, working hours refers to the total number of hours you work each week, not the time you start and finish work each day. [HAND CARD L1]
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40.4 | 234 | 1 | the total number of hours i work each week is decided by my employer with little or no input from me | |
| 24.9 | 144 | 2 | the total number of hours i work each week is decided by my employer but with my input | |
| 19.9 | 115 | 3 | i can decide how many hours i work each week, within certain limits | |
| 8.3 | 48 | 4 | i am entirely free to decide how many hours i work each week | |
| 6.6 | 38 | 5 | how many hours i work a week depends on things outside of my control and outside of my employer's control | |
| 2 | .d | don't know | ||
| 68,252 | .i | iap | ||
| 13 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
advschedhow far in advance do you schedule work
Text of this Question or Item
How far in advance do you usually know what days and hours you will need to work? [HAND CARD L2]
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17.1 | 99 | 1 | one day or less in advance | |
| 10.2 | 59 | 2 | 2 to 3 days in advance | |
| 11.7 | 68 | 3 | 4 to 7 days in advance | |
| 11.1 | 64 | 4 | between 1 and 2 weeks in advance | |
| 4.5 | 26 | 5 | between 3 and 4 weeks in advance | |
| 7.8 | 45 | 6 | more than 4 weeks in advance | |
| 37.7 | 218 | 7 | my schedule never changes | |
| 1 | .d | don't know | ||
| 68,252 | .i | iap | ||
| 14 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
Arts and Culture
artattattended exhibit alone or with others
Text of this Question or Item
You said that in the last 12 months you attended an exhibit. I'd like to ask you a few questions about the last time you did this type of activity. Did you attend this exhibit alone, with one other person, or with two or more other people?
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9.3 | 29 | 1 | alone | |
| 47.9 | 150 | 2 | with one other person | |
| 42.8 | 134 | 3 | with two or more other people | |
| 68,525 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artatt1attended with spouse or partner
Text of this Question or Item
Spouse or partner
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 53.5 | 152 | 1 | yes | |
| 46.5 | 132 | 2 | no | |
| 68,554 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artatt2attended with child
Text of this Question or Item
Child
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30.3 | 86 | 1 | yes | |
| 69.7 | 198 | 2 | no | |
| 68,554 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artatt3attended with friend
Text of this Question or Item
Friend
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 44.0 | 125 | 1 | yes | |
| 56.0 | 159 | 2 | no | |
| 68,554 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artatt4attended with relative
Text of this Question or Item
Relative
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26.1 | 74 | 1 | yes | |
| 73.9 | 210 | 2 | no | |
| 68,554 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artatt5attended with other
Text of this Question or Item
Someone else
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14.8 | 42 | 1 | yes | |
| 85.2 | 242 | 2 | no | |
| 68,554 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artcostdid not go due to cost
Text of this Question or Item
Thinking about the most recent exhibit you wanted to attend but did not, which of the following factors were important in your decision not to attend? Cost too much.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28.0 | 44 | 1 | a reason | |
| 72.0 | 113 | 2 | not a reason | |
| 68,689 | .i | iap | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artexbtdid r go to an art exhibit in last 12 months
Text of this Question or Item
During the last 12 months, did you go to an art exhibit, such as paintings, sculpture, textiles, graphic design, or photography?
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 32.7 | 481 | 1 | yes | |
| 67.3 | 988 | 2 | no | |
| 67,369 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artfreewas exhibit attended free
Text of this Question or Item
Was the exhibit you attended free, or was there an admission fee?
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 58.7 | 183 | 1 | free | |
| 41.3 | 129 | 2 | admission fee | |
| 1 | .d | don't know | ||
| 68,525 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artgstdid not go because couldn't find anyone to go with
Text of this Question or Item
Could not find anyone to go with.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14.6 | 23 | 1 | a reason | |
| 85.4 | 134 | 2 | not a reason | |
| 68,689 | .i | iap | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artintdid not go since not of interest
Text of this Question or Item
Programs or events were not of interest.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.3 | 13 | 1 | a reason | |
| 91.7 | 144 | 2 | not a reason | |
| 68,689 | .i | iap | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artlocdid not want to go to that location
Text of this Question or Item
Did not want to go to that location.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.3 | 13 | 1 | a reason | |
| 91.7 | 144 | 2 | not a reason | |
| 68,689 | .i | iap | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artmostothmost imp factor in not attending art exhibit
Text of this Question or Item
Of these factors, which one was the most important in your decision not to attend?
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24.1 | 19 | 1 | cost too much | |
| 2.5 | 2 | 2 | programs or events were not of interest | |
| 12.7 | 10 | 3 | too difficult to get there | |
| 6.3 | 5 | 4 | could not find anyone to go with | |
| 32.9 | 26 | 5 | could not find the time | |
| 1.3 | 1 | 6 | did not want to go to that location | |
| 1.3 | 1 | 7 | work conflict | |
| 7.6 | 6 | 8 | ill, too tired | |
| 6.3 | 5 | 10 | no childcare | |
| 0.0 | 0 | 11 | sold out | |
| 0.0 | 0 | 12 | forgot, didn't act in time | |
| 2.5 | 2 | 13 | away, other conflict | |
| 1.3 | 1 | 14 | taking care of family member | |
| 1.3 | 1 | 20 | some other reason not shown | |
| 68,759 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artothrother reason why did not go
Text of this Question or Item
Some other reason not shown.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28.8 | 45 | 1 | a reason | |
| 71.2 | 111 | 2 | not a reason | |
| 1 | .d | don't know | ||
| 68,689 | .i | iap | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
arttimedid not go due to lack of time
Text of this Question or Item
Could not find the time.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 60.5 | 95 | 1 | a reason | |
| 39.5 | 62 | 2 | not a reason | |
| 68,689 | .i | iap | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
arttrvldid not go because too dificult to get there
Text of this Question or Item
Too difficult to get there.
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29.9 | 47 | 1 | a reason | |
| 70.1 | 110 | 2 | not a reason | |
| 68,689 | .i | iap | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artwhy1imp of low cost in decision to attend exhibit
Text of this Question or Item
People attend exhibits for different reasons. How big a reason was low cost in your decision to attend this exhibit? Was it a major reason, a minor reason, or not a reason at all? SAY, "THIS CARD SHOWS SOME REASONS THAT PEOPLE ATTEND EXHIBITS."
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11.2 | 35 | 1 | major reason | |
| 21.4 | 67 | 2 | minor reason | |
| 67.4 | 211 | 3 | not a reason | |
| 68,525 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artwhy2imp of wanting to experience high quality art in decision to attend exhibit
Text of this Question or Item
How big a reason was wanting to experience high quality art in your decision to attend this exhibit? Was it a major reason, a minor reason, or not a reason at all?
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 47.0 | 147 | 1 | major reason | |
| 26.2 | 82 | 2 | minor reason | |
| 26.8 | 84 | 3 | not a reason | |
| 68,525 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artwhy3imp of wanting to socialize with friends or fam in decision to attend exhibit
Text of this Question or Item
How big a reason was wanting to socialize with family or friends in your decision to attend this exhibit? Was it a major reason, a minor reason, or not a reason at all?
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 52.1 | 163 | 1 | major reason | |
| 23.0 | 72 | 2 | minor reason | |
| 24.9 | 78 | 3 | not a reason | |
| 68,525 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artwhy4imp of wanting to celebrate cultural heritage in decision to attend exhibit
Text of this Question or Item
How big a reason was wanting to learn about or celebrate your or your family's cultural heritage in your decision to attend this exhibit? Was it a major reason, a minor reason, or not a reason at all?
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9.3 | 29 | 1 | major reason | |
| 15.7 | 49 | 2 | minor reason | |
| 75.1 | 235 | 3 | not a reason | |
| 68,525 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artwhy5imp of wanting to support community in decision to attend exhibit
Text of this Question or Item
How big a reason was wanting to support a community organization or event in your decision to attend this exhibit? Was it a major reason, a minor reason, or not a reason at all?
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30.7 | 96 | 1 | major reason | |
| 27.2 | 85 | 2 | minor reason | |
| 42.2 | 132 | 3 | not a reason | |
| 68,525 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
artwhy6imp of wanting to learn in decision to attend exhibit
Text of this Question or Item
How big a reason was wanting to gain knowledge or learn something new in your decision to attend this exhibit? Was it a major reason, a minor reason, or not a reason at all?
| Percent | N | Value | Label | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 55.6 | 174 | 1 | major reason | |
| 30.4 | 95 | 2 | minor reason | |
| 14.1 | 44 | 3 | not a reason | |
| 68,525 | .i | iap | ||
| 8 | .n | no answer | ||
| 6,853 | .y | not available in this year | ||
| 100.0 | 75,699 | Total |
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Data type: | numeric |
| Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |