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GSS 1972-2024 Cumulative Datafile - Release 3


Government Secrecy

sectechshould govt maintain secrecy over technology
Text of this Question or Item
In order to maintain America's leadership in the world, the 
government should maintain a high level of secrecy surrounding 
technology with military uses. Do you . . .
Percent N Value Label
33.8 1,402 1 strongly agree
40.8 1,691 2 agree
11.4 471 3 neither agree nor disagree
10.3 428 4 disagree
3.8 156 5 strongly disagree


152 .d don't know


64,525 .i iap


21 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
secdocsdoes govt classify too many documents as secrets
Text of this Question or Item
Given the world situation, the government protects too many documents 
by classifying them as SECRET and TOP SECRET. Do you . . .
Percent N Value Label
15.5 620 1 strongly agree
43.2 1,723 2 agree
17.7 705 3 neither agree nor disagree
19.2 767 4 disagree
4.4 177 5 strongly disagree


297 .d don't know


64,525 .i iap


32 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
rptcowrkreport coworkers threatening secrecy of work
Text of this Question or Item
When faced with a conflict between loyalty to one''s employer and 
loyalty to a co-worker who is violating rules for protecting SECRET 
and TOP SECRET information, a person should:
Percent N Value Label
42.0 591 1 report coworker
6.0 85 2 ask coworker to stop
43.1 606 3 report cowrkr if behav cont
8.8 124 4 not get involved


61 .d don't know


67,372 .i iap


7 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
askfinangovt investigate workers finances for security
Text of this Question or Item
Before giving an individual a SECRET or TOP SECRET clearance, the 
government should have the right to ask him or her detailed, personal 
questions in the following areas:
A. Financial and credit history
Percent N Value Label
51.1 2,849 1 definitely should
28.9 1,610 2 probably should
11.8 655 3 probably should not
8.2 457 4 definitely should not


139 .d don't know


63,106 .i iap


30 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
askcrimegovt investigate workers crime records
Text of this Question or Item
Before giving an individual a SECRET or TOP SECRET clearance, the 
government should have the right to ask him or her detailed, personal 
questions in the following areas:
B. Criminal arrests and convictions
Percent N Value Label
87.4 4,904 1 definitely should
10.7 601 2 probably should
1.3 74 3 probably should not
0.6 35 4 definitely should not


94 .d don't know


63,106 .i iap


32 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
askdrugsgovt investigate workers illegal drug use
Text of this Question or Item
Before giving an individual a SECRET or TOP SECRET clearance, the 
government should have the right to ask him or her detailed, personal 
questions in the following areas:
C. Illegal drug use
Percent N Value Label
84.1 4,724 1 definitely should
12.8 718 2 probably should
2.0 115 3 probably should not
1.1 61 4 definitely should not


89 .d don't know


63,106 .i iap


33 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
askmentlgovt investigate workers mental health
Text of this Question or Item
Before giving an individual a SECRET or TOP SECRET clearance, the 
government should have the right to ask him or her detailed, personal 
questions in the following areas:
D. Mental health history
Percent N Value Label
76.1 4,264 1 definitely should
19.8 1,108 2 probably should
3.1 173 3 probably should not
1.0 55 4 definitely should not


108 .d don't know


63,106 .i iap


32 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
askforgngovt investigate workers foreign family
Text of this Question or Item
Before giving an individual a SECRET or TOP SECRET clearance, the 
government should have the right to ask him or her detailed, personal 
questions in the following areas:
E. Foreign relatives and friends
Percent N Value Label
49.0 2,714 1 definitely should
30.9 1,713 2 probably should
13.3 738 3 probably should not
6.7 371 4 definitely should not


169 .d don't know


63,106 .i iap


35 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
askdrinkgovt investigate workers alcohol use
Text of this Question or Item
Before giving an individual a SECRET or TOP SECRET clearance, the 
government should have the right to ask him or her detailed, personal 
questions in the following areas:
F. Alcohol use
Percent N Value Label
67.0 3,763 1 definitely should
25.1 1,409 2 probably should
5.5 306 3 probably should not
2.4 136 4 definitely should not


95 .d don't know


63,106 .i iap


31 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
asksexorgovt investigate workers sexual orientation
Text of this Question or Item
Before giving an individual a SECRET or TOP SECRET clearance, the 
government should have the right to ask him or her detailed, personal 
questions in the following areas:
G. Sexual orientation
Percent N Value Label
28.7 1,589 1 definitely should
18.7 1,033 2 probably should
26.5 1,463 3 probably should not
26.1 1,442 4 definitely should not


179 .d don't know


63,106 .i iap


34 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
askfrbizgovt investigate foreign business contacts
Text of this Question or Item
Before giving an individual a SECRET or TOP SECRET clearance, the 
government should have the right to ask him or her detailed, personal 
questions in the following areas:
H. Foreign business contacts
Percent N Value Label
62.4 846 1 definitely should
27.4 371 2 probably should
6.6 90 3 probably should not
3.6 49 4 definitely should not


53 .d don't know


67,427 .i iap


10 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
askfrtrvgovt investigate foreign travel
Text of this Question or Item
Before giving an individual a SECRET or TOP SECRET clearance, the 
government should have the right to ask him or her detailed, personal 
questions in the following areas:
I. Foreign travel
Percent N Value Label
54.0 738 1 definitely should
29.7 406 2 probably should
10.2 139 3 probably should not
6.1 83 4 definitely should not


46 .d don't know


67,427 .i iap


7 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
askcompgovt investigate use of computers
Text of this Question or Item
Before giving an individual a SECRET or TOP SECRET clearance, the 
government should have the right to ask him or her detailed, personal 
questions in the following areas:
J. Illegal or unauthorized use of computers
Percent N Value Label
77.2 1,053 1 definitely should
18.1 247 2 probably should
2.3 32 3 probably should not
2.3 32 4 definitely should not


45 .d don't know


67,427 .i iap


10 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
secprvcygovt favor secrecy over workers privacy?
Text of this Question or Item
When faced with the conflict between an individual''s right to 
privacy and the government''s need to collect personal
 background information before giving a SECRET or TOP SECRET 
clearance, the government should:
 1. Favor protecting an individual''s right to privacy by not 
gathering information.
 2. Favor the government''s need to protect security by gathering 
information.
Percent N Value Label
16.5 229 1 favor indiv right
83.5 1,156 2 favor govt right


79 .d don't know


67,372 .i iap


10 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
secdiplogovernment maintain secrecy on diplomatic initiatives
Text of this Question or Item
Should or should not the government maintain a high level of secrecy 
surrounding: (READ A-D)
 A. Diplomatic initiatives
Percent N Value Label
35.0 891 1 definitely should
47.0 1,197 2 probably should
12.8 325 3 probably should not
5.2 133 4 definitely should not


288 .d don't know


65,999 .i iap


13 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
secmilopgovernment maintain secrecy on military operations
Text of this Question or Item
Should or should not the government maintain a high level of secrecy 
surrounding: (READ A-D)
 B. Military operations
Percent N Value Label
57.9 1,578 1 definitely should
33.2 904 2 probably should
6.2 169 3 probably should not
2.7 74 4 definitely should not


109 .d don't know


65,999 .i iap


13 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
secterrgovernment maintain secrecy on domestic terrorism
Text of this Question or Item
Should or should not the government maintain a high level of secrecy 
surrounding: (READ A-D)
 C. Efforts to control domestic terrorism
Percent N Value Label
56.7 1,532 1 definitely should
29.6 800 2 probably should
8.5 229 3 probably should not
5.1 139 4 definitely should not


133 .d don't know


65,999 .i iap


14 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
secbudgtgovernment maintain secrecy on the intelligence budget
Text of this Question or Item
Should or should not the government maintain a high level of secrecy 
surrounding: (READ A-D)
 D. The US intelligence budget
Percent N Value Label
26.4 702 1 definitely should
32.0 850 2 probably should
25.2 669 3 probably should not
16.5 438 4 definitely should not


174 .d don't know


65,999 .i iap


14 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
chkfinangovernment should verify financial assets
Text of this Question or Item
Before giving an individual a SECRET or TOP SECRET clearance, the 
government should contact other people and verify information 
provided by the individual concerning his or her: (READ A-C)
A. Financial assets and liabilities
Percent N Value Label
45.0 1,231 1 definitely should
31.9 874 2 probably should
14.2 388 3 probably should not
8.9 244 4 definitely should not


97 .d don't know


65,999 .i iap


13 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
chkspfingovernment should verify spouse's financial assets
Text of this Question or Item
Before giving an individual a SECRET or TOP SECRET clearance, the 
government should contact other people and verify information 
provided by the individual concerning his or her: (READ A-C)
B. Spouse's financial assets and liabilities
Percent N Value Label
35.8 976 1 definitely should
31.9 869 2 probably should
20.0 546 3 probably should not
12.3 336 4 definitely should not


105 .d don't know


65,999 .i iap


15 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
chktaxesgovernment should verify tax records
Text of this Question or Item
Before giving an individual a SECRET or TOP SECRET clearance, the 
government should contact other people and verify information 
provided by the individual concerning his or her: (READ A-C)
C. Tax records
Percent N Value Label
43.9 1,200 1 definitely should
32.7 893 2 probably should
14.4 392 3 probably should not
9.0 246 4 definitely should not


100 .d don't know


65,999 .i iap


16 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
knomentlgov should have the right to know
Text of this Question or Item
Please tell me which one of the statements on the card best describes 
what the government has the right to know. Before giving an 
individual a SECRET or TOP SECRET clearance, the government should 
have the right to know:
Percent N Value Label
6.3 245 1 nothing about mental health
12.0 469 2 whether currently consulting
10.3 401 3 ever consulted a mental
27.8 1,084 4 ever consulted & diagnosis
43.6 1,700 5 diagnosis & confident. info


289 .d don't know


64,580 .i iap


78 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
takearmspunishment for stealing and selling weapons
Text of this Question or Item
Now I'm going to ask you about several offenses. For each case, 
indicate (Number 1-6) what you would consider the appropriate 
punishment for each case.
A. An army sergeant was convicted of stealing airplane parts, 
ammunition, explosives and other government property and selling them 
to civilians.
Percent N Value Label
2.6 34 1 reprimand
29.9 395 2 dismiss military
12.6 167 3 one year prison
27.1 358 4 5-9 years prison
20.6 272 5 10-20 yrs prison
7.3 97 6 life in prison


48 .d don't know


67,459 .i iap


16 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
leakinfopunishment for official leaking information
Text of this Question or Item
Now I''m going to ask you about several offenses. For each case, 
indicate (Number 1-6) what you would consider the appropriate 
punishment for each case.
 B. A high-placed government official leaked sensitive information to 
a newspaper in order to influence public opinion about a 
controversial political issue. The official received no money.
Percent N Value Label
21.0 273 1 reprimand
45.5 591 2 dismiss military
14.3 185 3 1 year in prison
12.0 156 4 5-9 yrs prison
5.2 68 5 10-20 yrs prison
1.9 25 6 life in prison


68 .d don't know


67,459 .i iap


21 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
spyenemypunishment for selling secrets to hostile foreign gov
Text of this Question or Item
Now I''m going to ask you about several offenses. For each case, 
indicate (Number 1-6) what you would consider the appropriate 
punishment for each case.
 C. A Navy petty officer with the highest security clearance made 
copies of secret codes and other classified intelligence materials 
and sold them to an agent of a hostile foreign government.
Percent N Value Label
0.9 12 1 reprimand
6.9 91 2 dismiss/military
3.2 42 3 one yr in prison
13.5 177 4 5-9 yrs in prisn
35.4 465 5 10-20 yrs prison
40.1 527 6 life in prison


57 .d don't know


67,459 .i iap


16 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
spyfrendpunishment for selling secrets to friend foreign gov
Text of this Question or Item
Now I''m going to ask you about several offenses. For each case, 
indicate (Number 1-6) what you would consider the appropriate 
punishment for each case.
 D. What if the petty officer had sold these materials to an agent of 
a friendly foreign government?
Percent N Value Label
3.4 44 1 reprimand
12.5 163 2 dismiss/military
9.4 123 3 one year prison
20.1 263 4 5-9 years prison
30.4 397 5 10-20 yrs prison
24.2 316 6 life in prison


65 .d don't know


67,459 .i iap


16 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
taketrckpunishment for stealing and selling truck parts
Text of this Question or Item
Now I'm going to ask you about several offenses. For each case, 
indicate (Number 1-6) what you would consider the appropriate 
punishment for each case.
E. A government employee was convicted of stealing truck parts and 
tires from a military depot and selling them to civilians.
Percent N Value Label
7.3 96 1 reprimand
33.9 447 2 dismiss military
27.7 366 3 one year prison
23.0 303 4 5-9 years prison
6.6 87 5 10-20 yrs prison
1.5 20 6 life in prison


50 .d don't know


67,459 .i iap


18 .n no answer


6,853 .y not available in this year

100.0 75,699
Total
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
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