GSS 1972-2024 Cumulative Datafile

pres88vote for dukakis or bush

Text of this Question or Item

F. In 1988, you remember that Dukakis ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Bush for the Republicans. Do you remember 
for sure whether or not you voted in that election?
1. IF VOTED:  Did you vote for Dukakis or Bush?

Percent	N	Value	Label
37.6	1,406	1	dukakis
60.9	2,277	2	bush
1.0	38	3	other
0.1	2	4	refused
0.4	14	5	no pres. vote
	66	.d	don't know
	64,973	.i	iap
	70	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

if88whowho would r have voted for-1988 election

Text of this Question or Item

F. In 1988, you remember that Dukakis ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Bush for the Republicans. Do you remember 
for sure whether or not you voted in that election?
2. IF DID NOT VOTE OR INELIGIBLE: 
Who would you have voted for, for President, if you had voted?

Percent	N	Value	Label
26.0	424	1	dukakis
66.9	1,090	2	bush
7.1	116	3	other
0.0	0	4	wouldnt vote
0.0	0	5	refused
	327	.d	don't know
	66,798	.i	iap
	91	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

vote92did r vote in 1992 election

Text of this Question or Item

G. In 1992, you remember that Clinton ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Bush for the Republicans and Perot as an 
Independent. 
Do you remember for sure whether or not you voted in that election?

Percent	N	Value	Label
67.4	6,836	1	voted
26.4	2,682	2	did not vote
5.8	585	3	not eligible
0.4	43	4	refused
	148	.d	don't know
	58,512	.i	iap
	40	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

pres92vote for clinton, bush, perot

Text of this Question or Item

G. In 1992, you remember that Clinton ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Bush for the Republicans and Perot as an 
Independent. 
Do you remember for sure whether or not you voted in that election?
1. IF VOTED: 
Did you vote for Clinton, Bush, or Perot?

Percent	N	Value	Label
47.1	3,134	1	clinton
36.8	2,449	2	bush
15.6	1,039	3	perot
0.3	21	4	other
0.2	15	6	no pres. vote
	102	.d	don't know
	61,972	.i	iap
	114	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

if92whowho would r have voted for-1992 election

Text of this Question or Item

G. In 1992, you remember that Clinton ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Bush for the Republicans and Perot as an 
Independent. 
Do you remember for sure whether or not you voted in that election?
2. IF DID NOT VOTE OR INELIGIBLE:  Who would you have voted for, for 
President, if you had voted?

Percent	N	Value	Label
44.6	1,185	1	clinton
30.9	822	2	bush
19.3	513	3	perot
5.2	139	4	other
0.0	0	5	wouldnt vote
	399	.d	don't know
	65,528	.i	iap
	260	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

vote96did r vote in 1996 election

Text of this Question or Item

H. In 1996, you remember that Clinton ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Dole for the Republicans and Perot for the 
Reform Party. Do you remember for sure whether or not you voted in 
that election?

Percent	N	Value	Label
63.8	5,254	1	voted
27.7	2,286	2	did not vote
8.1	664	3	ineligible
0.4	37	4	refused to answer
	136	.d	don't know
	60,432	.i	iap
	37	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

pres96vote for clinton, dole, perot

Text of this Question or Item

H. In 1996, you remember that Clinton ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Dole for the Republicans and Perot for the 
Reform Party. Do you remember for sure whether or not you voted in 
that election?
1. IF VOTED:  Did you vote for Clinton, Bush, or Perot?

Percent	N	Value	Label
55.9	2,849	1	clinton
30.6	1,562	2	dole
12.0	612	3	perot
1.1	54	4	other (specify)
0.4	20	6	didnt vote
	104	.d	don't know
	63,556	.i	iap
	89	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

if96whowho would r have voted for-1996 election

Text of this Question or Item

H. In 1996, you remember that Clinton ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Dole for the Republicans and Perot for the 
Reform Party. Do you remember for sure whether or not you voted in 
that election?
2. IF DID NOT VOTE OR INELIGIBLE:  Who would you have voted for, for 
President, if you had voted?

Percent	N	Value	Label
60.8	1,475	1	clinton
15.7	382	2	dole
14.2	344	3	perot
9.3	226	4	other
	430	.d	don't know
	65,846	.i	iap
	143	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

vote00did r vote in 2000 election

Text of this Question or Item

I. In 2000, you remember that Gore ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Bush for the Republicans . Do you remember 
for sure whether or not you voted in that election?

Percent	N	Value	Label
63.4	5,366	1	voted
27.8	2,351	2	did not vote
8.7	738	3	ineligible
0.2	15	4	refused to answer
	89	.d	don't know
	60,277	.i	iap
	10	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

pres00vote for gore, bush, nader

Text of this Question or Item

I. In 2000, you remember that Gore ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Bush for the Republicans . Do you remember 
for sure whether or not you voted in that election? 
1. IF VOTED:  Did you vote for Gore or Bush?

Percent	N	Value	Label
44.7	2,332	1	gore
52.0	2,710	2	bush
2.1	111	3	nader
0.7	37	4	other (specify)
0.4	23	6	didnt vote
	41	.d	don't know
	63,466	.i	iap
	126	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

if00whowho would r has voted for in 2000 election

Text of this Question or Item

I. In 2000, you remember that Gore ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Bush for the Republicans . Do you remember 
for sure whether or not you voted in that election? 
2. IF DID NOT VOTE OR INELIGIBLE:  Who would you have voted for, for 
President, if you had voted?

Percent	N	Value	Label
42.1	1,179	1	gore
41.1	1,153	2	bush
3.4	95	3	nader
13.4	376	4	other
	256	.d	don't know
	65,611	.i	iap
	176	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

vote04did r vote in 2004 election

Text of this Question or Item

J. In 2004, you remember that Kerry ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Bush for the Republicans. Do you remember 
for sure whether or not you voted in that election?

Percent	N	Value	Label
65.5	5,505	1	voted
25.7	2,162	2	did not vote
8.8	741	3	ineligible
0.0	0	4	refused to answer
	134	.d	don't know
	60,269	.i	iap
	35	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

pres04vote for kerry, bush, nader

Text of this Question or Item

J. In 2004, you remember that Kerry ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Bush for the Republicans. Do you remember 
for sure whether or not you voted in that election? 
1. IF VOTED:  Did you vote for Kerry or Bush?

Percent	N	Value	Label
47.5	2,540	1	kerry
50.0	2,675	2	bush
1.8	98	3	nader
0.0	0	4	other (specify)
0.7	35	6	didnt vote
	34	.d	don't know
	63,306	.i	iap
	158	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

if04whowho would r has voted for in 2004 election

Text of this Question or Item

J. In 2004, you remember that Kerry ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Bush for the Republicans. Do you remember 
for sure whether or not you voted in that election? 2. IF DID NOT 
VOTE OR INELIGIBLE:  Who would you have voted for, for President, if 
you had voted?

Percent	N	Value	Label
46.6	1,203	1	kerry
33.2	858	2	bush
20.1	520	3	nader
0.0	0	4	other
	302	.d	don't know
	65,873	.i	iap
	90	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

vote08did r vote in 2008 election

Text of this Question or Item

K. In 2008, you remember that Obama ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against McCain for the Republicans. Do you remember 
for sure whether or not you voted in that election?

Percent	N	Value	Label
67.4	4,368	1	voted
24.5	1,589	2	did not vote
8.1	528	3	ineligible
	55	.d	don't know
	62,290	.i	iap
	16	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

pres08vote obama or mccain

Text of this Question or Item

K. In 2008, you remember that Obama ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against McCain for the Republicans. Do you remember 
for sure whether or not you voted in that election?
1. IF VOTED:  Did you vote for Obama or McCain?

Percent	N	Value	Label
60.6	2,551	1	obama
36.7	1,546	2	mccain
2.3	95	3	other candidate (specify)
0.5	20	4	didn't vote
	33	.d	don't know
	64,462	.i	iap
	139	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

if08whowho you would have voted for

Text of this Question or Item

K. In 2008, you remember that Obama ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against McCain for the Republicans. Do you remember 
for sure whether or not you voted in that election?
2. IF DID NOT VOTE OR INELIGIBLE: 
Who would you have voted for, for President, if you had voted?

Percent	N	Value	Label
57.5	1,109	1	obama
23.8	459	2	mccain
18.7	361	3	other
	158	.d	don't know
	66,674	.i	iap
	85	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

vote12did r vote in 2012 election

Text of this Question or Item

L. In 2012, you remember that Obama ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Romney for the Republicans. Do you remember 
for sure whether or not you voted in that election?

Percent	N	Value	Label
64.9	4,949	1	voted
27.4	2,087	2	did not vote
7.7	588	3	ineligible
	104	.d	don't know
	61,093	.i	iap
	25	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

pres12vote obama or romney

Text of this Question or Item

L. In 2012, you remember that Obama ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Romney for the Republicans. Do you remember 
for sure whether or not you voted in that election?
1. Did you vote for Obama or Romney?

Percent	N	Value	Label
61.7	2,934	1	obama
35.3	1,677	2	romney
2.3	107	3	other candidate (specify)
0.8	37	4	didn't vote for president
	54	.d	don't know
	63,871	.i	iap
	166	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

if12whowho would r have voted for in 2012 election

Text of this Question or Item

L. In 2012, you remember that Obama ran for President on the 
Democratic ticket against Romney for the Republicans. Do you remember 
for sure whether or not you voted in that election?
2. Who would you have voted for, for president, if you had voted?

Percent	N	Value	Label
57.9	1,404	1	obama
22.9	555	2	romney
19.2	466	3	other
	235	.d	don't know
	66,031	.i	iap
	155	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

polviewsthink of self as liberal or conservative

Text of this Question or Item

A. We hear a lot of talk these days about liberals and conservatives. 

I'm going to show you a seven-point scale on which the political 
views that people might hold are arranged from extremely 
liberal--point 1--to extremely conservative--point 7. Where would you 
place yourself on this scale?

Percent	N	Value	Label
3.4	2,221	1	extremely liberal
12.2	8,044	2	liberal
12.6	8,268	3	slightly liberal
38.2	25,140	4	moderate, middle of the road
15.1	9,977	5	slightly conservative
15.0	9,877	6	conservative
3.6	2,351	7	extremely conservative
	2,508	.d	don't know
	6,793	.i	iap
	433	.n	no answer
	87	.s	skipped on web
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

polviewyliberal or conservative-version y

Text of this Question or Item

B. We hear a lot of talk these days about liberals and conservatives. 

I'm going to show you a seven-point scale on which the political 
views that people might hold are arranged from extremely 
liberal--point 1--to extremely conservative--point 7. Where would you 
place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much about this?

Percent	N	Value	Label
16.5	124	0	havent thght abt it
1.6	12	1	extremely liberal
8.8	66	2	liberal
14.5	109	3	slightly liberal
31.8	239	4	moderate
15.4	116	5	slghtly conservative
9.9	74	6	conservative
1.5	11	7	extrmly conservative
	17	.d	don't know
	68,075	.i	iap
	3	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

polviewxliberal or conservative-version x

Text of this Question or Item

C. In political matters, people talk of "the left" and "the right."  
How would you place your views on this scale?  
(SHOW CARD S. Do NOT PROMPT. IF RESPONDENT HESITATES, ASK R TO TRY 
AGAIN. MARK ANSWER BELOW.)

Percent	N	Value	Label
2.2	16	1	left
2.3	17	2
6.3	46	3
10.5	77	4
42.6	311	5
14.0	102	6
11.2	82	7
6.3	46	8
1.9	14	9
2.6	19	10	right
	55	.d	don't know
	68,051	.i	iap
	10	.n	no answer
	6,853	.y	not available in this year
100.0	75,699		Total

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

GSS 1972-2024 Cumulative Datafile - Release 3