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GSS 1972-2024 Cumulative Datafile - Release 1

Metadata and Paradata

subsamprateSubsampling rate corresponding to two-phase design
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 subsamprate
.i
iap		 .y
not available in this year		 0.2
 0.3
 0.4
 0.5
 1.0
100% subsampling rate		 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 -
0		 -
1,504		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504
1974 -
0		 -
1,484		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 -
0		 -
1,499		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499
1977 -
0		 -
1,530		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 -
0		 -
1,468		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 -
0		 -
1,473		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473
1985 -
0		 -
1,534		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534
1986 -
0		 -
1,470		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819
1988 -
0		 -
1,481		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481
1989 -
0		 -
1,537		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537
1990 -
0		 -
1,372		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372
1991 -
0		 -
1,517		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517
1993 -
0		 -
1,606		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606
1994 -
0		 -
2,992		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,992
1996 -
0		 -
2,904		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,904
1998 -
0		 -
2,832		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,832
2000 -
0		 -
2,817		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817
2002 -
0		 -
2,765		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765
2004 -
2,364		 -
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 100.0
448		 .0
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 -
3,636		 -
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 100.0
874		 .0
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 -
1,612		 -
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 100.0
411		 .0
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 -
1,658		 -
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 100.0
386		 .0
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 -
1,486		 -
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 100.0
488		 .0
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 -
1,731		 -
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 100.0
807		 .0
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 -
2,294		 -
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 100.0
573		 .0
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 -
2,100		 -
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 100.0
248		 .0
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 -
0		 -
4,032		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032
2022 -
1,326		 -
0		 33.5
744		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 66.5
1,474		 100.0
3,544
2024 -
0		 -
0		 16.1
532		 17.4
577		 20.8
689		 .0
0		 45.7
1,511		 100.0
3,309
COL TOTAL -
18,207		 -
47,730		 13.1
1,276		 5.9
577		 7.1
689		 43.4
4,235		 30.6
2,985		 100.0
75,699
Properties
Data type: numeric
Decimals: 1
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
batchSAMPLE BATCH
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 batch
1
batch 1		 2
batch 2		 .i
iap		 .x
not available in this release		 .y
not available in this year		 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
1,613
1973 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504		 -
1,504
1974 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484		 -
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
1,490
1976 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499		 -
1,499
1977 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530		 -
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
1,532
1980 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468		 -
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
1,599
1984 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473		 -
1,473
1985 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534		 -
1,534
1986 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470		 -
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
1,819
1988 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481		 -
1,481
1989 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537		 -
1,537
1990 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372		 -
1,372
1991 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517		 -
1,517
1993 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606		 -
1,606
1994 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,992		 -
2,992
1996 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,904		 -
2,904
1998 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,832		 -
2,832
2000 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817		 -
2,817
2002 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765		 -
2,765
2004 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,812		 -
2,812
2006 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,510		 -
4,510
2008 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,023		 -
2,023
2010 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,044		 -
2,044
2012 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,974		 -
1,974
2014 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,538		 -
2,538
2016 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,867		 -
2,867
2018 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,348		 -
2,348
2021 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032		 -
4,032
2022 60.4
1,211		 39.6
793		 -
1,540		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
3,544
2024 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
3,309		 -
0		 -
3,309
COL TOTAL 60.4
1,211		 39.6
793		 -
1,540		 -
3,309		 -
68,846		 100.0
75,699
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

SURVEY ADMINISTRATIVE VARIABLES

Language

inthispIs interviewer Spanish, Hispanic or latino
Text of this Question or Item 
1655. Interviewer, are you Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino/Latina? 
Which group are you from: Mexican, Mexican American, 
Chicano/Chicana, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Other. Please specific 
other.
Total Cases: 75,699 (Range of valid codes: 0-50)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
intrace1Interviewer s race1
Text of this Question or Item 
What is your race? Indicate one or more races that you consider 
yourself to be.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 intrace1
1
white		 2
black or african-american		 3
american indian or alaska native		 4
asian indian		 5
chinese		 6
filipino		 7
japanese		 8
korean		 9
vietnamese		 10
other asian		 13
samoan		 14
other pacific islander		 15
some other race		 16
hispanic		 .d
don't know		 .i
iap		 .n
no answer		 .x
not available in this release		 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504
1974 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499
1977 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473
1985 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534
1986 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819
1988 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481
1989 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537
1990 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372
1991 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517
1993 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606
1994 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,992		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,992
1996 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,904		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,904
1998 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,832		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,832
2000 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817
2002 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765
2004 85.3
2,382		 13.5
377		 .0
1		 .1
3		 .1
2		 .0
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
1		 .0
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .1
2		 .8
23		 -
1		 -
0		 -
18		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 81.8
3,675		 12.4
556		 1.3
60		 .8
38		 .2
8		 .0
1		 .0
1		 .0
0		 .3
14		 .1
3		 .0
0		 .0
0		 1.6
70		 1.5
66		 -
0		 -
0		 -
18		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 84.5
1,707		 13.3
269		 .0
1		 .9
19		 .0
0		 .3
7		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .3
7		 .4
9		 -
0		 -
0		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 80.4
1,618		 14.0
282		 1.3
27		 1.1
23		 .8
16		 .3
7		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .1
2		 .0
0		 .0
1		 1.3
26		 .5
10		 -
1		 -
0		 -
31		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 83.2
1,611		 12.0
232		 2.7
53		 .2
4		 .1
1		 .0
0		 .3
5		 .0
0		 .1
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 1.3
25		 .2
4		 -
1		 -
0		 -
37		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 86.0
2,152		 10.3
259		 .5
13		 .4
10		 .0
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .8
21		 .0
0		 .2
6		 .0
0		 .0
0		 1.0
25		 .6
16		 -
1		 -
0		 -
34		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 76.8
2,162		 16.3
458		 .1
4		 4.5
128		 .1
4		 .1
2		 .0
1		 .0
0		 .1
2		 .1
2		 .0
0		 .0
0		 1.2
34		 .7
19		 -
37		 -
0		 -
14		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 80.1
1,845		 15.1
347		 .0
1		 2.2
51		 .4
9		 .3
7		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
1		 .0
0		 .0
1		 1.8
41		 .0
0		 -
2		 -
0		 -
43		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032		 -
4,032
2022 76.5
1,423		 14.0
260		 .4
8		 6.0
112		 .4
8		 .1
2		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .1
2		 .1
1		 .0
0		 .2
3		 2.3
42		 -
15		 -
1,642		 -
26		 -
0		 100.0
3,544
2024 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
3,309		 -
3,309
COL TOTAL 81.7
18,575		 13.4
3,040		 .7
168		 1.7
388		 .2
49		 .1
27		 .0
7		 .1
21		 .1
19		 .1
17		 .0
1		 .0
2		 1.0
233		 .8
189		 -
58		 -
45,340		 -
224		 -
7,341		 100.0
75,699
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
intrace2Interviewer s race2
Text of this Question or Item 
What is your race? Indicate one or more races that you consider 
yourself to be.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 intrace2
1
white		 2
black or african-american		 3
american indian or alaska native		 4
asian indian		 5
chinese		 6
filipino		 7
japanese		 8
korean		 9
vietnamese		 10
other asian		 11
native hawaiian		 14
other pacific islander		 15
some other race		 16
hispanic		 .d
don't know		 .i
iap		 .n
no answer		 .x
not available in this release		 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504
1974 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499
1977 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473
1985 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534
1986 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819
1988 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481
1989 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537
1990 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372
1991 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517
1993 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606
1994 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,992		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,992
1996 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,904		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,904
1998 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,832		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,832
2000 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817
2002 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765
2004 6.7
3		 13.3
6		 60.0
27		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 2.2
1		 .0
0		 2.2
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 4.4
2		 11.1
5		 -
0		 -
2,749		 -
18		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 31.5
68		 2.3
5		 45.8
99		 .0
0		 .5
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .9
2		 19.0
41		 -
0		 -
4,276		 -
18		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 47.5
38		 2.5
2		 47.5
38		 .0
0		 1.2
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 1.2
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 -
0		 -
1,943		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 21.7
33		 8.6
13		 61.2
93		 .0
0		 .7
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 3.9
6		 .0
0		 3.9
6		 .0
0		 -
1		 -
1,891		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 52.3
69		 3.8
5		 39.4
52		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 4.5
6		 .0
0		 -
1		 -
1,841		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 16.3
14		 16.3
14		 14.0
12		 .0
0		 .0
0		 1.2
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 1.2
1		 1.2
1		 50.0
43		 -
2		 -
2,450		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 49.7
163		 4.0
13		 12.8
42		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .3
1		 12.5
41		 .0
0		 .6
2		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 5.2
17		 14.9
49		 -
3		 -
2,522		 -
14		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 68.7
101		 6.8
10		 4.8
7		 .7
1		 1.4
2		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 17.7
26		 .0
0		 -
12		 -
2,146		 -
43		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032		 -
4,032
2022 64.1
100		 12.8
20		 7.7
12		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .6
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 14.7
23		 -
15		 -
3,366		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
3,544
2024 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
3,309		 -
3,309
COL TOTAL 43.9
589		 6.6
88		 28.5
382		 .1
1		 .4
5		 .1
2		 3.1
41		 .1
1		 .1
2		 .1
2		 .5
7		 .1
1		 4.5
60		 12.0
161		 -
34		 -
66,882		 -
100		 -
7,341		 100.0
75,699
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
intrace3Interviewer s race3
Text of this Question or Item 
What is your race? Indicate one or more races that you consider 
yourself to be.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 intrace3
1
white		 2
black or african-american		 3
american indian or alaska native		 4
asian indian		 15
some other race		 16
hispanic		 .d
don't know		 .i
iap		 .n
no answer		 .x
not available in this release		 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504
1974 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499
1977 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473
1985 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534
1986 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819
1988 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481
1989 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537
1990 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372
1991 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517
1993 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606
1994 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,992		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,992
1996 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,904		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,904
1998 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,832		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,832
2000 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817
2002 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765
2004 20.0
1		 40.0
2		 20.0
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 20.0
1		 -
0		 -
2,789		 -
18		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 14.3
1		 14.3
1		 28.6
2		 .0
0		 .0
0		 42.9
3		 -
0		 -
4,485		 -
18		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,023		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,023
2010 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 100.0
1		 .0
0		 -
0		 -
2,043		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 .0
0		 .0
0		 100.0
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 -
0		 -
1,973		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 .0
0		 50.0
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 50.0
1		 .0
0		 -
1		 -
2,535		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 .0
0		 .0
0		 100.0
1		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 -
1		 -
2,851		 -
14		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 14.3
1		 .0
0		 42.9
3		 14.3
1		 28.6
2		 .0
0		 -
2		 -
2,296		 -
43		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032		 -
4,032
2022 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 .0
0		 100.0
32		 -
0		 -
3,512		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
3,544
2024 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
3,309		 -
3,309
COL TOTAL 5.4
3		 7.1
4		 14.3
8		 1.8
1		 7.1
4		 64.3
36		 -
4		 -
68,205		 -
93		 -
7,341		 100.0
75,699
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
spanselfIf this interview had only been available in English, would you...
Text of this Question or Item 
1667. If this interview had only been available in English, 
would you...
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 spanself
1
have been able to do the interview easily in english		 2
have been able to do the interview with difficulty		 3
not have been able to do the interview		 .i
iap		 .n
no answer		 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504		 -
0		 -
1,504
1974 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484		 -
0		 -
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499		 -
0		 -
1,499
1977 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530		 -
0		 -
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468		 -
0		 -
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473		 -
0		 -
1,473
1985 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534		 -
0		 -
1,534
1986 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470		 -
0		 -
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
0		 -
1,819
1988 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481		 -
0		 -
1,481
1989 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537		 -
0		 -
1,537
1990 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372		 -
0		 -
1,372
1991 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517		 -
0		 -
1,517
1993 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606		 -
0		 -
1,606
1994 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,992		 -
0		 -
2,992
1996 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,904		 -
0		 -
2,904
1998 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,832		 -
0		 -
2,832
2000 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817		 -
0		 -
2,817
2002 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765		 -
0		 -
2,765
2004 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,812		 -
0		 -
2,812
2006 10.1
28		 20.6
57		 69.3
192		 -
4,233		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 8.9
7		 22.8
18		 68.4
54		 -
1,943		 -
1		 100.0
2,023
2010 8.2
6		 23.3
17		 68.5
50		 -
1,971		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 5.1
4		 20.3
16		 74.7
59		 -
1,894		 -
1		 100.0
1,974
2014 13.5
15		 19.8
22		 66.7
74		 -
2,427		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 5.4
5		 25.0
23		 69.6
64		 -
2,775		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 8.0
7		 23.9
21		 68.2
60		 -
2,260		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 18.5
5		 55.6
15		 25.9
7		 -
4,005		 -
0		 100.0
4,032
2022 17.1
19		 27.0
30		 55.9
62		 -
3,433		 -
0		 100.0
3,544
2024 12.1
11		 30.8
28		 57.1
52		 -
3,218		 -
0		 100.0
3,309
COL TOTAL 10.4
107		 24.0
247		 65.6
674		 -
74,669		 -
2		 100.0
75,699
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
spanintIf no Spanish, R could have been interviewed in English
Text of this Question or Item 
1668. Before 2006 the GSS was only administered in English. 
Those without enough English to do the interview were excluded 
as out-of-scope, language problems. In 2006 a Spanish version of 
the GSS was added. If there had been no Spanish version 
available in 2006, could this respondent have been interviewed 
in English or do you think (s/he) would have been excluded as a 
language problem?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 spanint
1
could have been interviewed in english		 2
would have been excluded as language problem		 .d
don't know		 .i
iap		 .n
no answer		 .x
not available in this release		 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504
1974 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499
1977 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473
1985 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534
1986 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819
1988 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481
1989 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537
1990 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372
1991 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517
1993 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606
1994 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,992		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,992
1996 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,904		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,904
1998 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,832		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,832
2000 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817
2002 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765
2004 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,812		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,812
2006 14.8
41		 85.2
236		 -
0		 -
4,233		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 7.6
6		 92.4
73		 -
1		 -
1,943		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,044		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,044
2012 7.6
6		 92.4
73		 -
1		 -
1,890		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 20.6
20		 79.4
77		 -
5		 -
2,423		 -
13		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 4.5
4		 95.5
84		 -
3		 -
2,768		 -
8		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 15.7
13		 84.3
70		 -
1		 -
2,262		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 .0
0		 100.0
3		 -
0		 -
4,029		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
4,032
2022 18.2
14		 81.8
63		 -
5		 -
3,462		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
3,544
2024 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
3,309		 -
3,309
COL TOTAL 13.3
104		 86.7
679		 -
16		 -
71,564		 -
27		 -
3,309		 100.0
75,699
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
spanengInterviews conducted in Spanish or English
Text of this Question or Item 
1669. Interviews Conducted in Spanish or English
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 spaneng
1
english		 2
spanish		 .n
no answer		 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 100.0
1,613		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,613
1973 100.0
1,504		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,504
1974 100.0
1,484		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,484
1975 100.0
1,490		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,490
1976 100.0
1,499		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,499
1977 100.0
1,530		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,530
1978 100.0
1,532		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,532
1980 100.0
1,468		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,468
1982 100.0
1,860		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,860
1983 100.0
1,599		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,599
1984 100.0
1,473		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,473
1985 100.0
1,534		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,534
1986 100.0
1,470		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,470
1987 100.0
1,819		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,819
1988 100.0
1,481		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,481
1989 100.0
1,537		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,537
1990 100.0
1,372		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,372
1991 100.0
1,517		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,517
1993 100.0
1,606		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,606
1994 100.0
2,992		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,992
1996 100.0
2,904		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,904
1998 100.0
2,832		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,832
2000 100.0
2,817		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,817
2002 100.0
2,765		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,765
2004 100.0
2,812		 .0
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 93.9
4,233		 6.1
277		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 96.0
1,942		 4.0
81		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 96.4
1,971		 3.6
73		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 95.8
1,892		 4.2
82		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 95.7
2,423		 4.3
109		 -
6		 100.0
2,538
2016 96.7
2,773		 3.3
94		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 96.2
2,258		 3.8
90		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 98.6
3,976		 1.4
56		 -
0		 100.0
4,032
2022 96.8
3,431		 3.2
113		 -
0		 100.0
3,544
2024 97.2
3,215		 2.8
94		 -
0		 100.0
3,309
COL TOTAL 98.6
74,624		 1.4
1,069		 -
6		 100.0
75,699
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
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