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GSS 1972-2024 Cumulative Datafile - Release 1

inequal4Extra pay -> people earn degrees

Text of this Question or Item

1253. Do you agree or disagree: d. No one would study for years 
to become a lawyer or doctor unless they expected to earn a lot 
more than ordinary workers.

Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		inequal4
Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		1 strongly agree	2 agree	3 neither agree nor disagree	4 disagree	5 strongly disagree	.d can't choose	.i iap	.n no answer	.y not available in this year	ROW TOTAL
year	1972	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,613	- 0	- 0	- 1,613
	1973	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,504	- 0	- 0	- 1,504
	1974	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,484	- 0	- 0	- 1,484
	1975	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,490	- 0	- 0	- 1,490
	1976	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,499	- 0	- 0	- 1,499
	1977	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,530	- 0	- 0	- 1,530
	1978	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,532	- 0	- 0	- 1,532
	1980	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,468	- 0	- 0	- 1,468
	1982	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,860	- 0	- 0	- 1,860
	1983	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,599	- 0	- 0	- 1,599
	1984	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,473	- 0	- 0	- 1,473
	1985	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,534	- 0	- 0	- 1,534
	1986	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,470	- 0	- 0	- 1,470
	1987	27.6 419	42.3 643	10.9 165	17.1 260	2.1 32	- 12	- 255	- 33	- 0	100.0 1,819
	1988	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,481	- 0	- 0	- 1,481
	1989	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,537	- 0	- 0	- 1,537
	1990	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,372	- 0	- 0	- 1,372
	1991	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,517	- 0	- 0	- 1,517
	1993	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,606	- 0	- 0	- 1,606
	1994	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,992	- 0	- 0	- 2,992
	1996	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,904	- 0	- 0	- 2,904
	1998	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,832	- 0	- 0	- 2,832
	2000	22.2 264	39.8 472	14.4 171	19.8 235	3.8 45	- 12	- 1,545	- 73	- 0	100.0 2,817
	2002	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,765	- 0	- 0	- 2,765
	2004	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,812	- 0	- 0	- 2,812
	2006	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 4,510	- 0	- 0	- 4,510
	2008	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,023	- 0	- 0	- 2,023
	2010	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,044	- 0	- 0	- 2,044
	2012	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,974	- 0	- 0	- 1,974
	2014	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,538	- 0	- 0	- 2,538
	2016	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,867	- 0	- 0	- 2,867
	2018	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,348	- 0	- 0	- 2,348
	2021	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 4,032	- 0	- 0	- 4,032
	2022	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 3,544	- 3,544
	2024	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 3,309	- 3,309
	COL TOTAL	25.2 683	41.2 1,115	12.4 336	18.3 495	2.8 77	- 24	- 66,010	- 106	- 6,853	100.0 75,699

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

inequal5Pay differences -> American prosperity

Text of this Question or Item

1253. Do you agree or disagree: e. Large differences in income 
are necessary for America's prosperity.

Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		inequal5
Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		1 strongly agree	2 agree	3 neither agree nor disagree	4 disagree	5 strongly disagree	.d can't choose	.i iap	.n no answer	.s skipped on web	.y not available in this year	ROW TOTAL
year	1972	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,613	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,613
	1973	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,504	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,504
	1974	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,484	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,484
	1975	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,490	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,490
	1976	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,499	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,499
	1977	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,530	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,530
	1978	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,532	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,532
	1980	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,468	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,468
	1982	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,860	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,860
	1983	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,599	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,599
	1984	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,473	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,473
	1985	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,534	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,534
	1986	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,470	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,470
	1987	7.0 102	27.0 394	28.7 419	31.4 458	5.8 85	- 66	- 255	- 40	- 0	- 0	100.0 1,819
	1988	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,481	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,481
	1989	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,537	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,537
	1990	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,372	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,372
	1991	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,517	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,517
	1993	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,606	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,606
	1994	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,992	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,992
	1996	8.3 114	20.9 287	12.9 177	31.6 434	26.3 361	- 64	- 1,460	- 7	- 0	- 0	100.0 2,904
	1998	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,832	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,832
	2000	4.9 57	22.4 260	29.9 347	34.0 394	8.7 101	- 38	- 1,545	- 75	- 0	- 0	100.0 2,817
	2002	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,765	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,765
	2004	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,812	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,812
	2006	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 4,510	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 4,510
	2008	2.8 28	21.5 216	17.6 177	44.8 450	13.3 134	- 29	- 982	- 7	- 0	- 0	100.0 2,023
	2010	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,044	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,044
	2012	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,974	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,974
	2014	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,538	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,538
	2016	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,867	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,867
	2018	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,348	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,348
	2021	2.1 35	9.6 161	26.8 451	39.4 664	22.1 373	- 75	- 2,252	- 3	- 18	- 0	100.0 4,032
	2022	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 3,544	- 3,544
	2024	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 3,309	- 3,309
	COL TOTAL	5.0 336	19.7 1,318	23.5 1,571	35.9 2,400	15.8 1,054	- 272	- 61,745	- 132	- 18	- 6,853	100.0 75,699

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

inequal6Everyone benefits from business profits

Text of this Question or Item

1253. Do you agree or disagree: f. Allowing business to make 
good profits is the best way to improve everyone's standard of 
living.

Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		inequal6
Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		1 strongly agree	2 agree	3 neither agree nor disagree	4 disagree	5 strongly disagree	.d can't choose	.i iap	.n no answer	.s skipped on web	.y not available in this year	ROW TOTAL
year	1972	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,613	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,613
	1973	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,504	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,504
	1974	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,484	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,484
	1975	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,490	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,490
	1976	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,499	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,499
	1977	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,530	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,530
	1978	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,532	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,532
	1980	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,468	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,468
	1982	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,860	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,860
	1983	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,599	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,599
	1984	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,473	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,473
	1985	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,534	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,534
	1986	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,470	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,470
	1987	10.6 156	37.5 554	23.4 345	24.3 359	4.3 63	- 57	- 255	- 30	- 0	- 0	100.0 1,819
	1988	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,481	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,481
	1989	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,537	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,537
	1990	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,372	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,372
	1991	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,517	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,517
	1993	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,606	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,606
	1994	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,992	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,992
	1996	19.0 263	36.7 508	11.9 165	21.7 300	10.6 147	- 54	- 1,460	- 7	- 0	- 0	100.0 2,904
	1998	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,832	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,832
	2000	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,817	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,817
	2002	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,765	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,765
	2004	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,812	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,812
	2006	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 4,510	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 4,510
	2008	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,023	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,023
	2010	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,044	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,044
	2012	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,974	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,974
	2014	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,538	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,538
	2016	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,867	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,867
	2018	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,348	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,348
	2021	10.9 184	37.1 627	32.8 555	14.6 246	4.6 78	- 69	- 2,245	- 3	- 25	- 0	100.0 4,032
	2022	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 3,544	- 3,544
	2024	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 3,309	- 3,309
	COL TOTAL	13.3 603	37.1 1,689	23.4 1,065	19.9 905	6.3 288	- 180	- 64,051	- 40	- 25	- 6,853	100.0 75,699

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

inequal7Inequality due to lack of solidarity

Text of this Question or Item

1253. Do you agree or disagree: g. Inequality continues to exist 
because ordinary people don't join together to get rid of it.

Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		inequal7
Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		1 strongly agree	2 agree	3 neither agree nor disagree	4 disagree	5 strongly disagree	.d can't choose	.i iap	.n no answer	.y not available in this year	ROW TOTAL
year	1972	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,613	- 0	- 0	- 1,613
	1973	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,504	- 0	- 0	- 1,504
	1974	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,484	- 0	- 0	- 1,484
	1975	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,490	- 0	- 0	- 1,490
	1976	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,499	- 0	- 0	- 1,499
	1977	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,530	- 0	- 0	- 1,530
	1978	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,532	- 0	- 0	- 1,532
	1980	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,468	- 0	- 0	- 1,468
	1982	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,860	- 0	- 0	- 1,860
	1983	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,599	- 0	- 0	- 1,599
	1984	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,473	- 0	- 0	- 1,473
	1985	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,534	- 0	- 0	- 1,534
	1986	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,470	- 0	- 0	- 1,470
	1987	11.0 159	36.8 534	25.8 375	22.6 328	3.9 56	- 79	- 255	- 33	- 0	100.0 1,819
	1988	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,481	- 0	- 0	- 1,481
	1989	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,537	- 0	- 0	- 1,537
	1990	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,372	- 0	- 0	- 1,372
	1991	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,517	- 0	- 0	- 1,517
	1993	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,606	- 0	- 0	- 1,606
	1994	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,992	- 0	- 0	- 2,992
	1996	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,904	- 0	- 0	- 2,904
	1998	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,832	- 0	- 0	- 2,832
	2000	11.0 125	36.0 410	28.0 319	18.7 213	6.4 73	- 51	- 1,545	- 81	- 0	100.0 2,817
	2002	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,765	- 0	- 0	- 2,765
	2004	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,812	- 0	- 0	- 2,812
	2006	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 4,510	- 0	- 0	- 4,510
	2008	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,023	- 0	- 0	- 2,023
	2010	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,044	- 0	- 0	- 2,044
	2012	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,974	- 0	- 0	- 1,974
	2014	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,538	- 0	- 0	- 2,538
	2016	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,867	- 0	- 0	- 2,867
	2018	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,348	- 0	- 0	- 2,348
	2021	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 4,032	- 0	- 0	- 4,032
	2022	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 3,544	- 3,544
	2024	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 3,309	- 3,309
	COL TOTAL	11.0 284	36.4 944	26.8 694	20.9 541	5.0 129	- 130	- 66,010	- 114	- 6,853	100.0 75,699

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

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