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GSS 1972-2021 Cumulative Datafile


Economic Inequality and the Role of Government

givlawhow much ought lawyer make
Text of this Question or Item
1255. Next, what do you think people in these jobs ought to be 
paid how much do you think they should earn each year before 
taxes, regardless of what they actually get? Please write in how 
much they should earn each year. l. Lawyer
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 520-999,996)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n
givsaleshow much ought salesclerk make
Text of this Question or Item
1255. Next, what do you think people in these jobs ought to be 
paid how much do you think they should earn each year before 
taxes, regardless of what they actually get? Please write in how 
much they should earn each year. m. Salesclerk in a department 
store
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 500-999,996)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n
givfctryhow much ought owner of a large factory makes
Text of this Question or Item
1255. Next, what do you think people in these jobs ought to be 
paid how much do you think they should earn each year before 
taxes, regardless of what they actually get? Please write in how 
much they should earn each year. n. Owner-manager of a large 
factory
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
givfctry
55000
.i
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
1,613
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
1,504
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
1,484
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
1,490
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
1,499
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
1,530
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
1,532
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
1,468
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
1,860
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
1,599
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
1,473
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
1,534
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
1,470
-
1,470
1987 -
0
-
1,819
-
1,819
1988 -
0
-
1,481
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
1,537
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
1,372
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
1,517
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
1,606
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
2,992
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
2,904
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
2,832
-
2,832
2000 100.0
1
-
2,816
100.0
2,817
2002 -
0
-
2,765
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
2,812
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
4,510
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
2,023
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
2,044
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
1,974
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
2,538
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
2,867
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
2,348
-
2,348
2021 -
0
-
4,032
-
4,032
COL TOTAL 100.0
1
-
68,845
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data code: .i
givownerhow much ought shop owner make?
Text of this Question or Item
1255. Next, what do you think people in these jobs ought to be 
paid how much do you think they should earn each year before 
taxes, regardless of what they actually get? Please write in how 
much they should earn each year. d. Owner of a small shop
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 1,000-999,996)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n
givjudgehow much ought justice make
Text of this Question or Item
1255. Next, what do you think people in these jobs ought to be 
paid how much do you think they should earn each year before 
taxes, regardless of what they actually get? Please write in how 
much they should earn each year. o. Supreme Court justice
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 1-999,996)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n
givrocchow much ought worker in own occupation make
Text of this Question or Item
1255. Next, what do you think people in these jobs ought to be 
paid how much do you think they should earn each year before 
taxes, regardless of what they actually get? Please write in how 
much they should earn each year. p. People in your occupation
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 520-999,997)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n
incgapincome differentials in usa too big
Text of this Question or Item
1256. Do you agree or disagree: a. Differences in income in 
America are too large.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
incgap
1
strongly agree
2
agree
3
neither agree nor disagree
4
disagree
5
strongly disagree
.c
.d
.i
.n
.s
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
1987 16.4
244
42.7
636
21.7
324
16.1
240
3.1
46
-
50
-
0
-
255
-
24
-
0
100.0
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
1996 33.3
464
33.5
467
12.8
178
12.1
169
8.4
117
-
41
-
0
-
1,460
-
8
-
0
100.0
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
2000 25.0
297
41.2
489
21.5
255
9.2
109
3.2
38
-
37
-
0
-
1,545
-
47
-
0
100.0
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
2008 25.2
259
38.5
395
19.9
204
13.2
135
3.2
33
-
10
-
0
-
982
-
5
-
0
100.0
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
2018 30.5
349
33.2
379
23.3
266
10.3
118
2.7
31
-
29
-
0
-
1,175
-
1
-
0
100.0
2,348
2021 43.5
793
29.9
545
16.5
301
7.1
130
2.9
53
-
0
-
41
-
2,029
-
134
-
6
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 29.8
2,406
36.1
2,911
18.9
1,528
11.2
901
3.9
318
-
167
-
41
-
60,349
-
219
-
6
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .c,.d,.i,.n,.s
goveqincgovmnt should reduce inc differentials
Text of this Question or Item
1256. Do you agree or disagree: b. t is the responsibility of 
the government to reduce the differences in income between 
people with high incomes and those with low incomes.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
goveqinc
1
strongly agree
2
agree
3
neither agree nor disagree
4
disagree
5
strongly disagree
.c
.d
.i
.n
.s
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
1987 8.5
126
24.3
360
23.4
347
33.0
490
10.8
161
-
49
-
0
-
255
-
31
-
0
100.0
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
1993 7.0
103
24.7
364
21.1
311
30.9
456
16.3
240
-
37
-
0
-
49
-
46
-
0
100.0
1,606
1994 5.3
68
23.1
298
19.1
246
32.2
415
20.3
262
-
43
-
0
-
1,606
-
54
-
0
100.0
2,992
1996 12.1
153
20.5
259
24.4
309
24.0
303
19.0
240
-
42
-
0
-
1,572
-
26
-
0
100.0
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
2000 10.1
236
24.1
562
25.4
592
25.5
595
15.0
350
-
77
-
0
-
269
-
136
-
0
100.0
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
2008 9.8
101
27.6
283
20.5
210
29.8
306
12.3
126
-
12
-
0
-
982
-
3
-
0
100.0
2,023
2010 6.8
93
23.5
322
17.8
244
31.5
432
20.4
279
-
55
-
0
-
614
-
5
-
0
100.0
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
2018 9.6
110
23.2
266
23.1
265
31.0
355
13.0
149
-
26
-
0
-
1,175
-
2
-
0
100.0
2,348
2021 10.5
190
24.0
434
26.1
471
21.4
387
17.9
324
-
0
-
65
-
2,003
-
147
-
11
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 8.9
1,180
23.9
3,148
22.7
2,995
28.3
3,739
16.2
2,131
-
341
-
65
-
54,786
-
450
-
11
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .c,.d,.i,.n,.s
govedopgovmnt should help poor attend college
Text of this Question or Item
1256. Do you agree or disagree: c. The government should provide 
more chances for children from poor families to go to college.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
govedop
1
STRONGLY AGREE
2
AGREE
3
NEITHER
4
DISAGREE
5
STRONGLY DISAGREE
.c
.i
.n
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
1,470
1987 26.9
410
51.4
783
11.2
170
8.9
136
1.6
24
-
12
-
255
-
29
100.0
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
0
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
0
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
2,348
2021 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,032
-
0
-
4,032
COL TOTAL 26.9
410
51.4
783
11.2
170
8.9
136
1.6
24
-
12
-
67,282
-
29
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .c,.i,.n
govjobsgovmnt should provide jobs
Text of this Question or Item
1256. Do you agree or disagree: d. The government should provide 
a job for everyone who wants one.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
govjobs
1
STRONGLY AGREE
2
AGREE
3
NEITHER
4
DISAGREE
5
STRONGLY DISAGREE
.c
.i
.n
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
1,470
1987 17.0
256
32.5
491
19.4
292
22.9
345
8.3
125
-
23
-
255
-
32
100.0
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
0
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
0
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
2,348
2021 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,032
-
0
-
4,032
COL TOTAL 17.0
256
32.5
491
19.4
292
22.9
345
8.3
125
-
23
-
67,282
-
32
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .c,.i,.n
govlessgovmnt should spend less on poor
Text of this Question or Item
1256. Do you agree or disagree: e. The government should spend 
less on benefits for the poor.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
govless
1
STRONGLY AGREE
2
AGREE
3
NEITHER
4
DISAGREE
5
STRONGLY DISAGREE
.c
.i
.n
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
1,470
1987 3.5
52
13.4
201
20.5
306
44.3
663
18.3
274
-
33
-
255
-
35
100.0
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
0
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
0
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
2,348
2021 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,032
-
0
-
4,032
COL TOTAL 3.5
52
13.4
201
20.5
306
44.3
663
18.3
274
-
33
-
67,282
-
35
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .c,.i,.n
govunempgovmnt should provide unemp benefits
Text of this Question or Item
1256. Do you agree or disagree: f. The government should provide 
a decent standard of living for the unemployed.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
govunemp
1
STRONGLY AGREE
2
AGREE
3
NEITHER
4
DISAGREE
5
STRONGLY DISAGREE
.c
.d
.i
.n
.s
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
1987 9.1
136
33.4
500
25.6
383
26.8
400
5.1
76
-
41
-
0
-
255
-
28
-
0
100.0
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
2021 16.1
288
28.5
508
25.5
455
20.3
363
9.5
170
-
0
-
65
-
2,029
-
136
-
18
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 12.9
424
30.7
1,008
25.6
838
23.3
763
7.5
246
-
41
-
65
-
65,279
-
164
-
18
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .c,.d,.i,.n,.s
govmincgovmnt should provide minimum income
Text of this Question or Item
1256. Do you agree or disagree: g. The government should provide 
everyone with a guaranteed basic income.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
govminc
1
STRONGLY AGREE
2
AGREE
3
NEITHER
4
DISAGREE
5
STRONGLY DISAGREE
.c
.i
.n
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
1,470
1987 7.2
107
18.1
268
21.3
316
37.9
562
15.5
230
-
54
-
255
-
27
100.0
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
0
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
0
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
2,348
2021 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,032
-
0
-
4,032
COL TOTAL 7.2
107
18.1
268
21.3
316
37.9
562
15.5
230
-
54
-
67,282
-
27
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .c,.i,.n
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