1972-1994 General Social Survey Cumulative File
news HOW OFTEN DOES R READ NEWSPAPER
How often do you read the newspaper--every day, a few
times a week, once a week, less than once a week, or
never?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
55.1 11790 1 EVERYDAY
20.8 4440 2 FEW TIMES A WEEK
11.4 2439 3 ONCE A WEEK
7.6 1621 4 LESS THAN ONCE WK
5.1 1097 5 NEVER
40 9 NA
10953 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 5
Input location: 1/914
tvhours HOURS PER DAY WATCHING TV
On the average day, about how many hours do you
personally watch television?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
4.5 898 0
19.3 3839 1
26.2 5220 2
19.5 3888 3
13.6 2697 4
7.0 1390 5
4.6 911 6
0.9 186 7
2.0 393 8
0.2 41 9
0.9 189 10
0.1 15 11
0.6 126 12
0.1 13 13
0.1 23 14
0.1 22 15
0.1 19 16
0.0 2 17
0.0 7 18
0.1 18 20
0.0 1 21
0.0 1 22
0.0 4 24
7 98 DK
102 99 NA
12368 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 0 MD Codes: none
Decimals: 0 Max: 24
Input location: 1/915-916
radiohrs HOURS PER DAY LISTENING TO RADIO
Do you ever listen to the radio? IF YES: On the
average, about how many hours a day do you usually
listen to the radio?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
0.5 21 0
36.9 1664 1
21.0 944 2
9.8 442 3
8.0 360 4
4.6 207 5
4.6 205 6
1.5 69 7
5.8 263 8
0.7 30 9
2.9 132 10
0.1 6 11
2.1 95 12
0.0 2 13
0.2 7 14
0.3 14 15
0.2 11 16
0.0 2 17
0.1 5 18
0.1 6 20
0.0 1 21
0.4 18 24
9 98 DK
19 99 NA
27848 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 0 MD Codes: none
Decimals: 0 Max: 24
Input location: 1/917-918
phone DOES R HAVE TELEPHONE
Thank you very much for your time and help. Do you
have a telephone? May I have your name and (one of
your) telephone number(s) just in case I have left
something out in this interview?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
5.9 1823 1 NO PHONE
2.4 724 2 REFUSED
88.6 27165 3 PHONE IN HOME
2.6 805 4 PHONE ELSEWHERE
0.5 150 5 PHONE,DK WHERE
100 9 NA
1613 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0,9
Decimals: 0 Max: 5
Input location: 1/919
coop2 RS ATTITUDE TOWARD INTERVIEW
In general, what was the respondent's attitude toward
the interview?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
59.6 953 1 FRIENDLY AND EAGER
37.5 600 2 COOPERATIVE
2.7 43 3 INDIFFERENT
0.2 4 4 HOSTILE
13 9 NA
30767 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0,9
Decimals: 0 Max: 4
Input location: 1/920
coop RS ATTITUDE TOWARD INTERVIEW
In general, what was the respondent's attitude toward
the interview?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
79.1 24126 1 FRIENDLY,INTERESTED
16.8 5128 2 COOPERATIVE
3.6 1101 3 RESTLESS,IMPATIENT
0.5 141 4 HOSTILE
271 9 NA
1613 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0,9
Decimals: 0 Max: 4
Input location: 1/921
comprend RS UNDERSTANDING OF QUESTIONS
Was respondent's understanding of the questions...
PCT N VALUE LABEL
79.7 25492 1 GOOD
16.9 5397 2 FAIR
3.4 1085 3 POOR
406 9 NA
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0,9
Decimals: 0 Max: 3
Input location: 1/922
form FORM OF SPLIT QUESTIONNAIRE ASKED
A split ballot was used in the 1973, 1974, 1976, 1978,
1980, and 1982-1993 surveys. The variant or "Y"
wordings appear on Form 2; the "Z" wordings appear on
Form 3; and the standard GSS wordings appear on Form
1. See Appendix P for what variables were on what
form. See Q. 729 for use of weight variable. See
Appendix S, GSS Methodological Report No. 36.
PCT N VALUE LABEL
47.1 13071 1 STANDARD <X>
47.2 13088 2 ALTERNATE <Y>
5.7 1588 3 ALTERNATE <Z>
4633 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 3
Input location: 1/923
abspno ABORTION IF HUSBAND OPPOSES
If a woman has decided to have an abortion but her
husband is against it, do you think she should go
ahead and have it, or not?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
28.7 395 1 YES
71.3 979 2 NO
148 8 DK
8 9 NA
30850 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/924
abhave1 HAVE ABORTION IF PROBABLE DEFECT
(WOMEN): Would you yourself have an abortion if there
is a strong chance of serious defect in the baby?
(MEN): Would you yourself advise the woman you were
married to have an abortion if there is a strong
chance of serious defect in the baby?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
75.5 1081 1 YES
24.5 351 2 NO
87 8 DK
11 9 NA
30850 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/925
abhave2 HAVE ABORTION IF HEALTH ENDANGERED
(WOMEN): Would you yourself have an abortion if your
health was seriously endangered by the pregnancy?
(MEN): Would you yourself advise the woman you were
married to have an abortion if her health was
seriously endangered by the pregnancy?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
82.9 1204 1 YES
17.1 249 2 NO
65 8 DK
12 9 NA
30850 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/926
abhave3 HAVE ABORTION IF COULDNT AFFORD CHILD
(WOMEN): Would you yourself have an abortion if you
did not think you could afford another child?
(MEN) Would you yourself advise the woman you were
married to have an abortion if you did not think you
could afford another child?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
29.0 427 1 YES
71.0 1043 2 NO
47 8 DK
13 9 NA
30850 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/927
ablegal SHOULD ABORTION EVER BE LEGAL
Do you think abortions should be legal under any
circumstances, legal only under certain circumstances,
or never legal under any circumstances?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
22.1 331 1 ALWAYS
68.9 1031 2 SOMETIMES
9.0 135 3 NEVER
22 8 DK
11 9 NA
30850 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
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Input location: 1/928
fechld MOTHER WORKING DOESNT HURT CHILDREN
Now I'm going to read several more statements. As I
read each one, please tell me whether you strongly
agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree with it.
For example, here is the statement: A. A working
mother can establish just as warm and secure a
relationship with her children as a mother who does
not work.
PCT N VALUE LABEL
21.1 2404 1 STRONGLY AGREE
41.5 4731 2 AGREE
28.7 3267 3 DISAGREE
8.7 991 4 STRONGLY DISAGREE
119 8 DK
25 9 NA
20843 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
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Input location: 1/930
fehelp WIFE SHOULD HELP HUSBANDS CAREER FIRST
B. It is more important for a wife to help her
husband's career than to have one herself.
PCT N VALUE LABEL
5.8 651 1 STRONGLY AGREE
27.3 3046 2 AGREE
48.9 5455 3 DISAGREE
18.0 2008 4 STRONGLY DISAGREE
340 8 DK
37 9 NA
20843 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
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Input location: 1/931
fepresch PRESCHOOL KIDS SUFFER IF MOTHER WORKS
C. A preschool child is likely to suffer if his or her
mother works.
PCT N VALUE LABEL
11.0 1239 1 STRONGLY AGREE
39.5 4444 2 AGREE
40.3 4532 3 DISAGREE
9.3 1043 4 STRONGLY DISAGREE
239 8 DK
40 9 NA
20843 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 4
Input location: 1/932
fefam BETTER FOR MAN TO WORK, WOMAN TEND HOME
D. It is much better for everyone involved if the man
is the achiever outside the home and the woman takes
care of the home and family.
PCT N VALUE LABEL
9.5 1075 1 STRONGLY AGREE
35.3 3974 2 AGREE
40.7 4581 3 DISAGREE
14.5 1627 4 STRONGLY DISAGREE
244 8 DK
36 9 NA
20843 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 4
Input location: 1/933
eraread HAS R HEARD OR READ ABOUT ERA
Have you heard or read about the Equal Rights
Amendment?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
90.2 2997 1 YES
9.8 326 2 NO
63 8 DK
4 9 NA
28990 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
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Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/934
erameans DOES R UNDERSTAND WHAT ERA MEANS
IF YES: Do you understand what the Equal Rights
Amendment means?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
84.0 2465 1 YES
16.0 469 2 NO
57 8 DK
7 9 NA
29382 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/935
era DOES R FAVOR OR OPPOSE ERA?
Do you strongly favor, somewhat favor, somewhat
oppose, or strongly oppose this amendment?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
25.6 709 1 STRONGLY FAVOR
48.3 1336 2 FAVOR
16.9 468 3 OPPOSE
9.1 252 4 STRONGLY OPPOSE
194 8 DK
39 9 NA
29382 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 4
Input location: 1/936
eratell DOES R FAVOR OR OPPOSE ERA
IF NO OR DK TO 253: The Equal Rights Amendment will
amend the United States Constitution to provide equal
rights for men and women. Do you strongly favor,
somewhat favor, somewhat oppose, or strongly oppose
this amendment?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
30.9 47 1 STONGLY FAVOR
48.0 73 2 SOMEWHAT FAVOR
13.8 21 3 SOMEWHT OPPOSE
7.2 11 4 STONGLY OPPOSE
31 8 DK
1 9 NA
32196 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 4
Input location: 1/937
erawhy1 1ST REASON FAVOR-OPPOSE ERA
Why do you (favor/oppose) the Equal Rights Amendment?
IF "no opinion" to Q. 253 PROBE: Why is that - why do
you have no opinion on the Equal Rights Amendment? A.
First reason.
32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0,99
Decimals: 0 Max: 94
Input location: 1/938-939
erawhy2 2ND REASON FAVOR-OPPOSE ERA
B. Second reason.
32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0,99
Decimals: 0 Max: 92
Input location: 1/940-941
erawhy3 3RD REASON FAVOR-OPPOSE ERA
C. Third reason.
32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0,99
Decimals: 0 Max: 89
Input location: 1/942-943
eraimp IMPORTANCE OF ERA ISSUE
How important is the Equal Rights Amendment issue to
you--would you say it is one of the most important,
important, not very important, or not important at
all?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
12.3 223 1 ONE OF MOST IMP
44.9 815 2 IMPORTANT
31.1 565 3 NOT VERY IMP
11.7 213 4 NOT IMPORTANT
39 8 DK
5 9 NA
30520 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 4
Input location: 1/944
erainfo HOW MUCH INFO DOES R HAVE ABOUT ERA
How much information do you have about the Equal
Rights Amendment? Do you have all the information you
need, most of the information, some information, or
very little information?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
11.8 216 1 ALL INFO R NEEDS
16.6 305 2 MOST OF THE INFO
41.4 761 3 SOME INFO
30.2 555 4 VERY LITTLE INFO
17 8 DK
6 9 NA
30520 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 4
Input location: 1/945
erafirm HOW FIRM IS RS OPINION ON ERA
How firm are you about (your opinion on/the way you
feel about) the Equal Rights Amendment--would you say
you are very likely to change (your opinion), somewhat
likely to change, somewhat unlikely to change or very
unlikely to change your opinion?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
3.7 66 1 CHANGE VERY LIKELY
20.1 356 2 SOMEWHAT LIKELY
29.6 525 3 SOMEWHAT UNLIKELY
46.5 824 4 CHANGE VERY UNLIKELY
80 8 DK
9 9 NA
30520 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 4
Input location: 1/946
febear CAN WIFE REFUSE TO HAVE CHILDREN
If the husband in a family wants children, but the
wife decides that she does not want any children, is
it all right for the wife to refuse to have children?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
65.7 902 1 YES
34.3 471 2 NO
147 8 DK
10 9 NA
30850 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/947
feworkif MARRIED WOMEN WORK IF JOBS LIMITED
If there is a limited number of jobs, do you approve
or disapprove of a married woman holding a job in
business or industry when her husband is able to
support her?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
36.3 543 1 APPROVE
63.7 953 2 DISAPPROVE
30 8 DK
4 9 NA
30850 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/948
racsubs FAVOR ATTEMPTS TO INTEGRATE SUBURBS
Some religious and business groups have set up
programs to encourage (Negro/Black) people to buy
houses in white suburbs. Do you favor or oppose these
voluntary programs to integrate white suburbs?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
41.3 585 1 FAVOR
58.7 832 2 OPPOSE
106 8 DK
7 9 NA
30850 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/951
racsubgv SUBURBAN GOVTS ENCOURAGE INTEGRATION
What about the city government in white suburbs? Do
you think they should encourage (Negro/Black) people
to buy homes in the suburbs, should they discourage
them, or should they leave it to private efforts?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
13.1 193 1 ENCOURAGE
9.9 146 2 DISCOURAGE
76.9 1130 3 LEAVE ALONE
55 8 DK
6 9 NA
30850 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 3
Input location: 1/969
racmarel WHAT IF RELATIVE MARRIED OTHER RACE
How would it make you feel if a close relative of
yours were planning to marry a [(Negro/Black/Wite]?
Would you be very uneasy, somewhat uneasy, or not
uneasy at all?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
42.7 635 1 VERY UNEASY
32.4 481 2 SOMEWHAT UNEASY
24.9 370 3 NOT UNEASY
38 8 DK
6 9 NA
30850 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 3
Input location: 1/970
racmarpr EXPECT PROBS IN INTERRACIAL MARRIAGE
Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the
following statements: A. You can expect special
problems with marriages between (Negroes/Blacks) and
Whites.
PCT N VALUE LABEL
89.2 1332 1 AGREE
10.8 161 2 DISAGREE
31 8 DK
6 9 NA
30850 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
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Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/971
racsups EXPECT PROBS IF BLACKS SUPERVISE WHITES
B. You can expect special problems with (Negro/Black)
supervisors getting along with workers that are mostly
White.
PCT N VALUE LABEL
49.3 714 1 AGREE
50.7 734 2 DISAGREE
76 8 DK
6 9 NA
30850 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
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Input location: 1/972
racteach DONT HIRE TEACHERS AGAINST INTEGRATION
C. A school board should not hire a person to teach if
that person belongs to an organization that opposes
school integration.
PCT N VALUE LABEL
49.9 707 1 AGREE
50.1 710 2 DISAGREE
103 8 DK
10 9 NA
30850 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/973
racavoid AVOID DRIVING THRU BLACK NEIGHBORHOOD
If you were driving through the neighborhoods in a
city, would you go out of your way to avoid going
through a (Negro/Black) section?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
39.1 519 1 YES
60.9 807 2 NO
26 8 DK
2 9 NA
31026 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/974
racchng TRY TO INTEGRATE SOCIAL CLUB
If you and your friends belonged to a social club that
would not let [Whites/Negroes/Blacks] join, would you
try to change the rules so that
[Whites/Negroes/Blacks] could join?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
61.1 5558 1 YES
38.9 3537 2 NO
0.1 8 3 WDNT BELONG
718 8 DK
70 9 NA
22489 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
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Decimals: 0 Max: 3
Input location: 1/975
racquit QUIT IF COULDNT INTEGRATE CLUB
IF YES: If you could not get the rules changed, do you
think you would resign from the club, even if your
friends didn't?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
45.1 221 1 YES
54.9 269 2 NO
37 8 DK
5 9 NA
31848 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/976
racdif1 DIFFERENCES DUE TO DISCRIMINATION
On the average (Negroes/Blacks) have worse jobs,
income, and housing than white people. Do you think
these differences are: A. Mainly due to
discrimination?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
43.0 4825 1 YES
57.0 6383 2 NO
543 8 DK
54 9 NA
20575 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
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Input location: 1/977
racdif2 DIFFERENCES DUE TO INBORN DISABILITY
B. Because most (Negroes/Blacks) have less in-born
ability to learn?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
18.3 2068 1 YES
81.7 9211 2 NO
468 8 DK
58 9 NA
20575 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
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Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/978
racdif3 DIFFERENCES DUE TO LACK OF EDUCATION
C. Because most (Negroes/Blacks) don't have the chance
for education that it takes to rise out of poverty?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
53.0 6029 1 YES
47.0 5340 2 NO
380 8 DK
56 9 NA
20575 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/979
racdif4 DIFFERENCES DUE TO LACK OF WILL
D. Because most (Negroes/Blacks) just don't have the
motivation or will power to pull themselves up out of
poverty?
PCT N VALUE LABEL
58.4 6484 1 YES
41.6 4611 2 NO
646 8 DK
64 9 NA
20575 . (No Data)
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32380 cases
Type: numeric Min: 1 MD Codes: 0
Decimals: 0 Max: 2
Input location: 1/980
1972-1994 General Social Survey Cumulative File